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作者：Bruhin, Adrian; Fehr, Ernst; Schunk, Daniel
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Zurich; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
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作者：Michalopoulos, Stelios; Putterman, Louis; Weil, David N.
作者单位：Brown University
摘要：Does a person's historical lineage influence his or her current economic status? Motivated by a large literature in the social sciences stressing the effect of an early transition to agriculture on current economic performance at the country level, we examine the relative contemporary status of individuals as a function of how much their ancestors relied on agriculture during the preindustrial era. We focus on Africa, where-by combining anthropological records of groups with individuallevel su...
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作者：Minetti, Raoul; Murro, Pierluigi; Rotondi, Zeno; Zhu, Susan Chun
作者单位：Michigan State University; Universita LUMSA; UniCredit Group
摘要：Using a unique sample of small and medium-sized Italian firms, we investigate the effect of financial constraints on firms' participation in domestic and international supply chains. We find that firms more exposed to bank credit rationing and with weaker relationships with banks are more likely to participate in supply chains to overcome liquidity shortages. This benefit of supply chains is especially strong when firms establish long-term trading relationships and when they forge ties with la...
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作者：Jung, Philip; Kuhn, Moritz
作者单位：Dortmund University of Technology; University of Bonn
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作者：Bindler, Anna; Hjalmarsson, Randi
作者单位：University of Gothenburg
摘要：A large behavioral economics literature is concerned with cognitive biases in individual and group decisions, including sequential decisions. These studies often find a negative path-dependency consistent with mechanisms such as the gambler's fallacy or contrast effects. We provide the first test for such biases in group decision making using observational data. Specifically, we study more than 27,000 verdicts adjudicated sequentially by over 900 juries for high-stake criminal cases at London'...
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作者：La Ferrara, Eliana
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：I study the role of aspirations in economic development drawing on the existing theoretical and empirical literature and provide some new empirical findings using individual level data on aspirations across countries. After discussing the relationship between aspirations and individual investments, I present estimates on the correlates and determinants of students' aspirations in the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment data. I focus in particular on socioeconomic status, ineq...
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作者：Galesi, Alessandro; Rachedi, Omar
作者单位：Banco de Espana
摘要：The structural transformation from manufacturing to services comes with a process of services deepening: the services share of intermediate inputs rises over time. Moreover, inflation reacts less to monetary policy shocks in countries that are more intensive in services intermediates. We rationalize these facts using a two-sector New Keynesian model where trends in sectoral productivities generate endogenous variations in the Input-Output matrix. Services deepening reduces the contemporaneous ...
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作者：Fryer, Roland G., Jr.; Harms, Philipp; Jackson, Matthew O.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Freiburg; Stanford University; The Santa Fe Institute
摘要：We introduce a model in which agents observe signals about the state of the world, and some signals are open to interpretation. Our decision makers first interpret each signal based on their current belief and then form a posterior on the sequence of interpreted signals. This double updating leads to confirmation bias and can lead agents who observe the same information to polarize. We explore the model's predictions in an online experiment in which individuals interpret research summaries abo...
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作者：He, Jiaxiu; Gouveia, Nelson; Salvo, Alberto
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Western University (University of Western Ontario); Universidade de Sao Paulo
摘要：The medical literature documents adverse health effects of acute exposure to diesel exhaust, yet quasi-experimental evidence of a policy intervention sustained over months at the scale of a metropolis is lacking. Exploiting the inauguration of a beltway that removed 20,000 cargo trucks passing daily through inner-city roads in Sao Paulo, we examine the spatially differentiated impacts on the megacity's traffic, air quality and public health. We combine rich panel data on road congestion, ambie...
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作者：Aghion, Philippe; Jaravel, Xavier; Persson, Torsten; Rouzet, Dorothee
作者单位：Universite PSL; College de France; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Stockholm University; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD)
摘要：What makes countries engage in reforms of mass education? Motivated by historical evidence on the relation between military threats and expansions of primary education, we assemble a panel dataset from the last 150 years in European countries and from the postwar period in a large set of countries. We uncover three stylized facts: (i) investments in education are associated with military threats, (ii) democratic institutions are negatively correlated with education investments, and (iii) educa...
