-
作者：Geruso, Michael; Layton, Timothy J. J.; McCormack, Grace; Shepard, Mark
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Insurance markets often feature consumer sorting along both an extensive margin (whether to buy) and an intensive margin (which plan to buy). We present a new graphical theoretical framework that extends a workhorse model to incorporate both selection margins simultaneously. A key insight from our framework is that policies aimed at addressing one margin of selection often involve an economically meaningful trade-off on the other margin in terms of prices, enrollment, and welfare. Using data f...
-
作者：Andersson, David; Berger, Thor; Prawitz, Erik
作者单位：Uppsala University; Linkoping University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); Lund University
摘要：We exploit exogenous variation arising from the historical rollout of the Swedish railroad network across municipalities to identify the impacts of improved transport infrastructure on innovative activity. A network connection led to a local surge in patenting due to an increased entry and productivity of inventors. As the railroad network expanded, inventors in connected areas began to develop ideas with applications outside the local economy, which were subsequently sold to firms along the n...
-
作者：Ben Zeev, Nadav
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
摘要：Recent work stresses a potentially important relation between credit supply shocks and aggregate TFP based on factor misallocation. I take three steps to examine this relation. First, using state-of-the-art credit supply shock and aggregate TFP measures, I show that an adverse credit supply shock has a weak and very short-lived effect on aggregate TFP. Second, using firm-level data, I show that firm-level capital stock responses to an adverse credit supply shock produce an insignificant and ne...
-
作者：Goetz, Daniel; Rodnyansky, Alexander
作者单位：University of Toronto; University Toronto Mississauga; University of Cambridge; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Do firms respond to cost shocks by reducing the quality of their products? Using microdata from a large Russian retailer that refreshes its product line twice-yearly, we document that higher quality products are more profitable than lower quality ones, but that the number of high-quality products experiences a relative decrease after a large ruble devaluation in 2014. We show that rising firm costs-and not shrinking consumer incomes-explains the reallocation, and rationalize the data with a mo...
-
作者：Guo, Audrey
作者单位：Santa Clara University
摘要：This paper investigates the extent to which state-level differences in business taxes influence the location decisions of multiestablishment firms. Each state in the United States administers their own unemployment insurance program, and cross-state variation leads to significant tax differences across state lines. This decentralized administration creates opposing employment incentives on the intensive and extensive margins depending on the economic conditions. Studying the locations of multi...
-
作者：Asher, Sam; Novosad, Paul
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Dartmouth College
摘要：We study how natural resource rents affect the selection and behavior of holders of public office. Using global price shocks to thirty-one minerals and nationwide geological and political data from India, we show that local mineral rent shocks cause the election of politicians charged with serious crimes. We also find a moral hazard effect: politicians commit more crimes and accumulate greater wealth when mineral prices rise during their terms in office. These politicians have direct influence...
-
作者：Barron, Kai; Harmgart, Heike; Huck, Steffen; Schneider, Sebastian O.; Sutter, Matthias
作者单位：European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; University of London; University College London; Max Planck Society; University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; University of Innsbruck
摘要：We measure the prevalence of discrimination between Jordanian host and Syrian refugee children attending school in Jordan. Using a simple sharing experiment, we find only a small degree of out-group discrimination. However, Jordanian children with Palestinian roots do not discriminate at all, suggesting that a family history of refugee status can generate solidarity with new refugees. We also find that parents' narratives about the refugee crisis are correlated with their children's degree of ...
-
作者：Advani, Arun; Elming, William; Shaw, Jonathan
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：We study the effects of audits on long run compliance behavior using a random audit program covering more than 53,000 tax returns. We find that audits raise reported tax liabilities for five years after audit, effects are longer-lasting for more stable sources of income, and only individuals found to have made errors respond to audit. A total of 60%-65% of revenue from audit comes from the change in reporting behavior. Extending the standard model of rational tax evasion, we show that these re...
-
作者：O'Dea, Cormac; Sturrock, David
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; University College London
摘要：The annuity puzzle refers to the fact that annuities are rarely purchased despite the longevity insurance they provide. Most explanations for this puzzle assume that individuals have accurate expectations about their future survival. We provide evidence that individuals misperceive their mortality risk and study the demand for annuities in a setting where annuities are priced by insurers on the basis of objectively-measured survival probabilities but in which individuals make purchasing decisi...
-
作者：Besley, Timothy; Jensen, Anders; Persson, Torsten
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Harvard University
摘要：This paper studies individual and social motives in tax evasion. We build a simple dynamic model that incorporates these motives and their interaction. The social motives underpin the role of norms and are the source of the dynamics that we study. Our empirical analysis exploits the adoption in 1990 of a poll tax to fund local government in the United Kingdom, which led to widespread evasion. The evidence is consistent with the model's main predictions on the dynamics of evasion.
