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• Social mobility in the Tang Dynasty as the Imperial Examination rose and aristocratic family pedigree declined, 618-907 CE AI翻译
  作者：Wen, Fangqi; Wang, Erik H.; Hout, Michael
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Oxford; New York University; New York University
  摘要：Data from the distant past are fertile ground for testing social science theories of education and social mobility. In this study, we construct a dataset from 3,640 tomb epitaphs of males in China's Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE), which contain granular and extensive information about the ancestral origins, family background, and career histories of the deceased elites. Our statistical analysis of the complete profiles yields evidence of the transition away from an aristocratic society in three key...
• Within- country counterfactual reveals importance of retirement age mortality in addition to established concern about working ages Reply AI翻译
  作者：Abrams, Leah R.; Myrskylae, Mikko; Mehta, Neil K.
  作者单位：Tufts University; Max Planck Society; University of Helsinki; University of Texas System; University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston
• Superradiant Thomson scattering from graphite in the extreme ultraviolet AI翻译
  作者：Fasolato, Claudia; Stellino, Elena; Principi, Emiliano; Mincigrucci, Riccardo; Pelli-Cresi, Jacopo Stefano; Foglia, Laura; Postorino, Paolo; Sacchetti, Francesco; Petrillo, Caterina
  作者单位：University of Perugia; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi (ISC-CNR); Sapienza University Rome; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM-CNR)
  摘要：We study the Thomson scattering from highly oriented pyrolitic graphite excited by the extreme ultraviolet, coherent pulses of FERMI free electron laser (FEL). An apparent nonlinear behavior is observed and fully described in terms of the coherent nature of both exciting FEL beam and scattered radiation, producing an intensity-dependent enhancement of the Thomson scattering cross-section. The process resembles Dicke's superradiant phenomenon and is thus interpreted as the observation of superr...
• Genetic transformation of the frog-killing chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis AI翻译
  作者：Kalinka, Erik; Brody, Stephanie M.; Swafford, Andrew J. M.; Medina, Edgar M.; Fritz-Laylin, Lillian K.
  作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
  摘要：Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a causative agent of chytridiomycosis, is decimating amphibian populations around the world. Bd belongs to the chytrid lineage, a group of early-diverging fungi that are widely used to study fungal evolution. Like all chytrids, Bd develops from a motile form into a sessile, growth form, a transition that involves drastic changes in its cytoskeletal architecture. Efforts to study Bd cell biology, development, and pathogenicity have been limited by the lack o...
• Structure of saguaro cactus virus 3′ translational enhancer mimics 5′ cap for eIF4E binding AI翻译
  作者：Ojha, Manju; Vogt, Jeff; Das, Naba Krishna; Redmond, Emily; Singh, Karndeep; Al Banna, Hasan; Sadat, Tasnia; Koirala, Deepak
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County
  摘要：The genomes of several plant viruses contain RNA structures at their 3 ' ends called cap-independent translation enhancers (CITEs) that bind the host protein factors such as mRNA 5 ' cap-binding protein eIF4E for promoting cap-independent genome translation. However, the structural basis of such 5 ' cap-binding protein recognition by the uncapped RNA remains largely unknown. Here, we have determined the crystal structure of a 3 ' CITE, panicum mosaic virus-like translation enhancer (PTE) from ...
• A synthetic agent ameliorates polycystic kidney disease by promoting apoptosis of cystic cells through increased oxidative stress AI翻译
  作者：Fedeles, Bogdan I.; Bhardwaj, Rishi; Ishikawa, Yasunobu; Khumsubdee, Sakunchai; Krappitz, Matteus; Gubina, Nina; Volpe, Isabel; Andrade, Denise C.; Westergerling, Parisa; Staudner, Tobias; Campolo, Jake; Liu, Sally S.; Dong, Ke; Cai, Yiqiang; Rehman, Michael; Gallagher, Anna-Rachel; Ruchirawat, Somsak; Croy, Robert G.; Essigmann, John M.; V. Fedeles, Sorin; Somlo, Stefan
  作者单位：Saint Joseph's University; University of Freiburg; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Yale University; Chulabhorn Research Institute; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research (PSCBI) of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Theoretical & Experimental Biophysics; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
  摘要：Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common mono-genic cause of chronic kidney disease and the fourth leading cause of end- stage kidney disease, accounting for over 50% of prevalent cases requiring renal replacement therapy. There is a pressing need for improved therapy for ADPKD. Recent insights into the pathophysiology of ADPKD revealed that cyst cells undergo metabolic changes that up- regulate aerobic glycolysis in lieu of mitochondrial respiration for energy p...
• CD73 contributes to the pathogenesis of fusion- negative rhabdomyosarcoma through the purinergic signaling pathway AI翻译
  作者：Hernandez, Karla Cano; Shah, Akansha M.; Lopez, Victor A.; Tagliabracci, Vincent S.; Chen, Kenian; Xu, Lin; Bassel-Duby, Rhonda; Olson, Eric N.; Liu, Ning
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  摘要：Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents. Fusion- negative RMS (FN- RMS) accounts for more than 80% of all RMS cases. The long- term event- free survival rate for patients with high- grade FN- RMS is below 30%, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies. CD73 is a 5 ' ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes AMP to adenosine and regulates the purinergic signaling pathway. We found that CD73 is elevated in FN- RMS tumors that expre...
• Conducting polymers take control of the field AI翻译
  作者：Mcleod, Robert R.; Malliaras, George G.
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Cambridge
• Reply to Polizzi and Dowd: Within- country counterfactual reveals importance of retirement age mortality in addition to established concern about working ages AI翻译
  作者：Abrams, Leah R.; Myrskyla, Mikko; Mehta, Neil K.
  作者单位：Tufts University; Max Planck Society; University of Helsinki; University of Texas System; University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston
• CD73 contributes to the pathogenesis of fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma through the purinergic signaling pathway AI翻译
  作者：Hernandez, Karla Cano; Shah, Akansha M.; Lopez, Victor A.; Tagliabracci, Vincent S.; Chen, Kenian; Xu, Lin; Bassel-Duby, Rhonda; Olson, Eric N.; Liu, Ning
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  摘要：Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents. Fusion-negative RMS (FN-RMS) accounts for more than 80% of all RMS cases. The long-term event-free survival rate for patients with high-grade FN-RMS is below 30%, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies. CD73 is a 5' ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes AMP to adenosine and regulates the purinergic signaling pathway. We found that CD73 is elevated in FN-RMS tumors that express high ...