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作者：Lee, Junyeop; Lee, Jina; Sohn, Eric J.; Taglialatela, Angelo; O'Sullivan, Roderick J.; Ciccia, Alberto; Min, Jaewon
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; Columbia University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Columbia University
摘要：Alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is a telomere maintenance mechanism mediated by break - induced replication, evident in approximately 15% of human cancers. A characteristic feature of ALT cancers is the presence of C - circles, circular single - stranded telomeric DNAs composed of C - rich sequences. Despite the fact that extrachromosomal C - rich single - stranded DNAs (ssDNAs), including C - circles, are unique to ALT cells, their generation process remains undefined. Here, we int...
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作者：Tominaga, Kento; Ozaki, Shogo; Sato, Shohei; Katayama, Tsutomu; Nishimura, Yuki; Omae, Kimiho; Iwasaki, Wataru
作者单位：University of Tokyo; Kyushu University; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo
摘要：Several microbial genomes lack textbook - defined essential genes. If an essential gene is absent from a genome, then an evolutionarily independent gene of unknown function complements its function. Here, we identified frequent nonhomologous replacement of an essential component of DNA replication initiation, a replicative helicase loader gene, in Vibrionaceae . Our analysis of Vibrionaceae genomes revealed two genes with unknown function, named vdhL1 and vdhL2 , that were substantially enrich...
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作者：Wang, Huidong; Song, Jing; Hunt, Benjamin J.; Zuo, Kairan; Zhou, Huiru; Hayward, Angela; Li, Bingbing; Xiao, Yajuan; Geng, Xing; Bass, Chris; Zhou, Shutang
作者单位：Henan University; University of Exeter
摘要：Phytophagous insects have evolved sophisticated detoxification systems to overcome the antiherbivore chemical defenses produced by many plants. However, how these biotransformation systems differ in generalist and specialist insect species and their role in determining insect host plant range remains an open question. Here, we show that UDP - glucosyltransferases (UGTs) play a key role in determining the host range of insect species within the Spodoptera genus. Comparative genomic analyses of ...
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作者：Del Tatto, Vittorio; Fortunato, Gianfranco; Bueti, Domenica; Laio, Alessandro
作者单位：International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA); Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)
摘要：We introduce an approach which allows detecting causal relationships between variables for which the time evolution is available. Causality is assessed by a variational scheme based on the Information Imbalance of distance ranks, a statistical test capable of inferring the relative information content of different distance measures. We test whether the predictability of a putative driven system Y can be improved by incorporating information from a potential driver system X, without explicitly ...
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作者：Gabrielsen, Paul
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作者：Bai, Long; Li, Peng; Xiang, Yu; Jiao, Xiaofei; Chen, Jiyuan; Song, Licun; Liang, Zhongyang; Liu, Yidan; Zhu, Yimin; Lu, Lin- Yu
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University
摘要：In the meiotic prophase, programmed DNA double - strand breaks are repaired by meiotic recombination. Recombination - defective meiocytes are eliminated to preserve genome integrity in gametes. BRCA1 is a critical protein in somatic homologous recombination, but studies have suggested that BRCA1 is dispensable for meiotic recombination. Here we show that BRCA1 is essential for meiotic recombination. Interestingly, BRCA1 also has a function in eliminating recombinationdefective oocytes. Brca1 k...
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作者：Gao, Luna; Ardiel, Evan; Nurrish, Stephen; Kaplan, Joshua M.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Type 1 voltage - activated calcium channels (CaV1) in the plasma membrane trigger calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by two mechanisms. In voltage - induced calcium release (VICR), CaV1 voltage sensing domains are directly coupled to ryanodine receptors (RYRs), an SR calcium channel. In calcium - induced calcium release (CICR), calcium ions flowing through activated CaV1 channels bind and activate RYR channels. VICR is thought to occur exclusively in vertebrate skeletal muscl...
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作者：Gilbert, Natasha
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作者：Teyssonniere, Elie Marcel; Trebulle, Pauline; Muenzner, Julia; Loegler, Victor; Ludwig, Daniela; Amari, Fatma; Muelleder, Michael; Friedrich, Anne; Hou, Jing; Ralser, Markus; Schacherer, Joseph
作者单位：Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Oxford; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Max Planck Society; Institut Universitaire de France
摘要：Gene expression varies between individuals and corresponds to a key step linking genotypes to phenotypes. However, our knowledge regarding the species - wide genetic control of protein abundance, including its dependency on transcript levels, is very limited. Here, we have determined quantitative proteomes of a large population of 942 diverse natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast isolates. We found that mRNA and protein abundances are weakly correlated at the population gene level. While the ...
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作者：Unwin, Nigel
作者单位：MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC)
摘要：The muscle - type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a transmitter - gated ion channel residing in the plasma membrane of electrocytes and striated muscle cells. It is present predominantly at synaptic junctions, where it effects rapid depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane in response to acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft. Previously, cryo - EM of intact membrane from Torpedo revealed that the lipid bilayer surrounding the junctional receptor has a uniquely asymmetric and or...
