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作者：Gur, Dvir; Moore, Andrew S.; Deis, Rachael; Song, Pang; Wu, Xufeng; Pinkas, Iddo; Deo, Claire; Iyer, Nirmala; Hess, Harald F.; Hammer, John A.; Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI); Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：Many animals exhibit remarkable colors that are produced by the constructive interference of light reflected from arrays of intracellular guanine crystals. These animals can fine - tune their crystal - based structural colors to communicate with each other, regulate body temperature, and create camouflage. While it is known that these changes in color are caused by changes in the angle of the crystal arrays relative to incident light, the cellular machinery that drives color change is not unde...
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作者：Banks, Jess; Breuer, Jonathan; Garza-Vargas, Jorge; Seelig, Eyal; Simon, Barry
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology
摘要：We introduce a function of the density of states for periodic Jacobi matrices on trees and prove a useful formula for it in terms of entries of the resolvent of the matrix and its half -tree restrictions. This formula is closely related to the one-dimensional Thouless formula and associates a natural phase with points in the bands. This allows streamlined proofs of the gap labeling and Aomoto index theorems. We give a complete proof of gap labeling and sketch the proof of the Aomoto index theo...
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作者：Bell, Andrew M.; Utting, Charlotte; Dickie, Allen C.; Kucharczyk, Mateusz W.; Quillet, Raphaelle; Gutierrez-Mecinas, Maria; Razlan, Aimi N. B.; Cooper, Andrew H.; Lan, Yuxuan; Hachisuka, Junichi; Weir, Greg A.; Bannister, Kirsty; Watanabe, Masahiko; Kania, Artur; Hoon, Mark A.; Macaulay, Iain C.; Denk, Franziska; Todd, Andrew J.
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Glasgow; University of London; King's College London; Hokkaido University; Institut de Recherche Clinique de Montreal (IRCM); Universite de Montreal; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
摘要：The anterolateral system (ALS) is a major ascending pathway from the spinal cord that projects to multiple brain areas and underlies the perception of pain, itch, and skin temperature. Despite its importance, our understanding of this system has been hampered by the considerable functional and molecular diversity of its constituent cells. Here, we use fluorescence - activated cell sorting to isolate ALS neurons belonging to the Phox2a - lineage for single - nucleus RNA sequencing. We reveal fi...
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作者：Capitano, Fabrizio; Kuchenbuch, Mathieu; Lavigne, Jennifer; Chaptoukaev, Hava; Zuluaga, Maria A.; Lorenzi, Marco; Nabbout, Rima; Mantegazza, Massimo
作者单位：Universite Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris (APHP); Universite Paris Cite; Hopital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP; Universite Paris Cite; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); IMT - Institut Mines-Telecom; EURECOM; Universite Cote d'Azur
摘要：Epilepsies have numerous specific mechanisms. The understanding of neural dynamics leading to seizures is important for disclosing pathological mechanisms and developing therapeutic approaches. We investigated electrographic activities and neural dynamics leading to convulsive seizures in patients and mouse models of Dravet syndrome (DS), a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy in which hypoexcitability of GABAergic neurons is considered to be the main dysfunction. We analyzed EEGs from D...
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作者：Brueckner, David B.; Tkacik, Gasper
作者单位：Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
摘要：A key feature of many developmental systems is their ability to self-organize spatial patterns of functionally distinct cell fates. To ensure proper biological function, such patterns must be established reproducibly, by controlling and even harnessing intrinsic and extrinsic fluctuations. While the relevant molecular processes are increasingly well understood, we lack a principled framework to quantify the performance of such stochastic self-organizing systems. To that end, we introduce an in...
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作者：Djari, Anis; Madignier, Guillaume; Di Valentin, Olivia; Gillet, Thibault; Frasse, Pierre; Djouhri, Amel; Hu, Guojian; Julliard, Sebastien; Liu, Mingchun; Zhang, Yang; Regad, Farid; Pirrello, Julien; Maza, Elie; Bouzayen, Mondher
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Sichuan University
摘要：Haplotype - resolved genome assemblies were produced for Chasselas and Ugni Blanc, two heterozygous Vitis vinifera cultivars by combining high - fidelity long - read sequencing and high - throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi - C). The telomere - to - telomere full coverage of the chromosomes allowed us to assemble separately the two haplo - genomes of both cultivars and revealed structural variations between the two haplotypes of a given cultivar. The deletions/insertions, inversions...
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作者：Stillman, Bruce; Nathans, Jeremy
作者单位：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
摘要：In the mid - 1950s, Arthur Kornberg elucidated the enzymatic synthesis of DNA by DNA polymerase, for which he was recognized with the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He then identified many of the proteins that cooperate with DNA polymerase to replicate duplex DNA of small bacteriophages. However, one major unanswered problem was understanding the mechanism and control of the initiation of chromosome replication in bacteria. In a seminal paper in 1981, Fuller, Kaguni, and Kornberg ...
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作者：Tiwary, Pratyush
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations using classical force fields are commonly employed in numerous scientific investigations. However, many natural processes involve bondbreaking and quantum forces. This complexity is compounded by the presence of multiple competing length and timescales. For example, accurately modeling the thermodynamics and dynamics of a chemical reaction requires accounting for the concerted movements of numerous solvent molecules and ions with their own fast or slow times...
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作者：Beans, Carolyn
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作者：Chua, Sing Teng; Smith, Alyssa; Murthy, Swathi; Murace, Maria; Yang, Han; Schertel, Lukas; Kuhl, Michael; Cicuta, Pietro; Smith, Alison G.; Wangpraseurt, Daniel; Vignolini, Silvia
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Copenhagen; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Max Planck Society
摘要：Rapid progress in algal biotechnology has triggered a growing interest in hydrogel - encapsulated microalgal cultivation, especially for the engineering of functional photosynthetic materials and biomass production. An overlooked characteristic of gel - encapsulated cultures is the emergence of cell aggregates, which are the result of the mechanical confinement of the cells. Such aggregates have a dramatic effect on the light management of gel - encapsulated photobioreactors and hence strongly...
