-
作者：Li, Xi; Chen, Bin
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Chirality plays a crucial role in biology, as it is highly conserved and fundamentally important in the developmental process. To better understand the relationship between the chirality of individual cells and that of tissues and organisms, we develop a generalized mechanics model of chiral polarized particles to investigate the swirling dynamics of cell populations on substrates. Our analysis reveals that cells with the same chirality can form distinct chiral patterns on ring - shaped or rec...
-
作者：DeBerge, Matthew; Schroth, Samantha; Du, Fanfan; Yeap, Xin Yi; Wang, Jiao - Jing; Zhang, Zheng Jenny; Ansari, Mohammed Javeed; Scott, Evan A.; Thorp, Edward B.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine
摘要：Solid organ transplantation mobilizes myeloid cells, including monocytes and macrophages, which are central protagonists of allograft rejection. However, myeloid cells can also be functionally reprogrammed by perioperative costimulatory blockade to promote a state of transplantation tolerance. Transplantation tolerance holds promise to reduce complications from chronic immunosuppression and promote long - term survival in transplant recipients. We sought to identify different mediators of tran...
-
作者：Sakai, Keiichiro; Kondo, Yohei; Goto, Yuhei; Aoki, Kazuhiro
作者单位：National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) - Japan; The Exploratory Research Center on Life & Living Systems (ExCELLS); National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) - Japan; National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB); Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; Kyoto University; Kyoto University
摘要：The cytoplasm is a complex, crowded environment that influences myriad cellular processes including protein folding and metabolic reactions. Recent studies have suggested that changes in the biophysical properties of the cytoplasm play a key role in cellular homeostasis and adaptation. However, it still remains unclear how cells control their cytoplasmic properties in response to environmental cues. Here, we used fission yeast spores as a model system of dormant cells to elucidate the mechanis...
-
作者：Einbock, Annika; Conen, Franz
作者单位：University of Basel
摘要：Particular frost patterns on natural leaves had prompted Yao et al. [Y. Yao et al ., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117 , 6323-6329 (2020)] to investigate the underlying physics. Their work revealed why on corrugated surfaces ice forms on crests and dries out adjacent grooves. In the absence of frost, in contrast, grooves tend to constitute niches on a leaf where microorganisms are less limited by moisture than in other locations. Here, we show that microorganisms able to nucleate ice before it...
-
作者：Li, Tianyi; Xu, Hui; Teng, Shouzhen; Suo, Mingrui; Bahitwa, Revocatus; Xu, Mingchi; Qian, Yiheng; Ramstein, Guillaume P.; Song, Baoxing; Buckler, Edward S.; Wang, Hai
作者单位：China Agricultural University; Aarhus University; Peking University; Northwest A&F University - China; Cornell University; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); China Agricultural University
摘要：Rational design of plant cis - regulatory DNA sequences without expert intervention or prior domain knowledge is still a daunting task. Here, we developed PhytoExpr, a deep learning framework capable of predicting both mRNA abundance and plant species using the proximal regulatory sequence as the sole input. PhytoExpr was trained over 17 species representative of major clades of the plant kingdom to enhance its generalizability. Via input perturbation, quantitative functional annotation of the...
-
作者：Mun, Jaewan; Navarro, Nicole; Jeong, Sanghwa; Ouassil, Nicholas; Leem, Esther; Beyene, Abraham G.; Landry, Markita P.; Murphy, Catherine
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Pusan National University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI)
摘要：Oxytocin plays a critical role in regulating social behaviors, yet our understanding of its function in both neurological health and disease remains incomplete. Real - time oxytocin imaging probes with spatiotemporal resolution relevant to its endogenous signaling are required to fully elucidate oxytocin's role in the brain. Herein, we describe a nearinfrared oxytocin nanosensor (nIROXT), a synthetic probe capable of imaging oxytocin in the brain without interference from its structural analog...
-
作者：Di Cesare, Giuseppe; Lombardi, Giada; Zeidman, Peter; Urgen, Burcu A.; Sciutti, Alessandra; Friston, Karl J.; Rizzolatti, Giacomo
作者单位：University of Parma; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia - IIT; University of Genoa; University of London; University College London; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Ministry of Energy & Natural Resources - Turkey; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
摘要：Goal- directed actions are characterized by two main features: the content (i.e., the action goal) and the form, called vitality forms (VF) (i.e., how actions are executed). It is well another's action are mediated by a network formed by a set of parietal and frontal brain areas. In contrast, the neural bases of action forms (e.g., gentle or rude actions) have not been characterized. However, there are now studies showing that the observation and execution of actions endowed with VF activate, ...
-
作者：Koper, Kaan; Han, Sang-Woo; Kothadia, Ramani; Salamon, Hugh; Yoshikuni, Yasuo; Maeda, Hiroshi A.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Konkuk University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Joint Genome Institute - JGI; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Hokkaido University; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology
摘要：Aminotransferases (ATs) are an ancient enzyme family that play central roles in core nitrogen metabolism, essential to all organisms. However, many of the AT enzyme functions remain poorly defined, limiting our fundamental understanding of the nitrogen metabolic networks that exist in different organisms. Here, we traced the deep evolutionary history of the AT family by analyzing AT enzymes from 90 species spanning the tree of life (ToL). We found that each organism has maintained a relatively...
-
作者：Goncalves, Fernando; Farooq, Harith; Harfoot, Mike; Pires, Mathias M.; Villar, Nacho; Sales, Lilian; Carvalho, Carolina; Bello, Carolina; Emer, Carine; Bovendorp, Ricardo S.; Mendes, Calebe; Beca, Gabrielle; Lautenschlager, Lais; Souza, Yuri; Pedrosa, Felipe; Paz, Claudia; Zipparro, Valesca B.; Akkawi, Paula; Berce, William; Farah, Fabiano; Freitas, Andre V. L.; Silveira, Luis Fabio; Olmos, Fabio; Geldmann, Jonas; Dalsgaard, Bo; Galetti, Mauro
作者单位：Universidade Estadual Paulista; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; University of Gothenburg; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences; Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW); University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Okanagan; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; Nanyang Technological University; Australian Wildlife Conservancy; University of Miami; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade de Sao Paulo; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：An often - overlooked question of the biodiversity crisis is how natural hazards contribute to species extinction risk. To address this issue, we explored how four natural hazards, earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, and volcanoes, overlapped with the distribution ranges of amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles that have either narrow distributions or populations with few mature individuals. To assess which species are at risk from these natural hazards, we combined the frequency and magnitu...
-
作者：Lee, Kangduk; Kim, Yoonji; Lee, Sung - Jin; Qiang, Yuan; Lee, Dongmin; Lee, Hyun Woo; Kim, Hyun; Je, H. Shawn; Sudhof, Thomas C.; Ko, Jaewon
