A global map of species at risk of extinction due to natural hazards

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Goncalves, Fernando; Farooq, Harith; Harfoot, Mike; Pires, Mathias M.; Villar, Nacho; Sales, Lilian; Carvalho, Carolina; Bello, Carolina; Emer, Carine; Bovendorp, Ricardo S.; Mendes, Calebe; Beca, Gabrielle; Lautenschlager, Lais; Souza, Yuri; Pedrosa, Felipe; Paz, Claudia; Zipparro, Valesca B.; Akkawi, Paula; Berce, William; Farah, Fabiano; Freitas, Andre V. L.; Silveira, Luis Fabio; Olmos, Fabio; Geldmann, Jonas; Dalsgaard, Bo; Galetti, Mauro
• 署名单位: Universidade Estadual Paulista; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; University of Gothenburg; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences; Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW); University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Okanagan; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; Nanyang Technological University; Australian Wildlife Conservancy; University of Miami; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade de Sao Paulo; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-10673
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321068121
• 发表日期: 2024-06-25
• 关键词: CONSERVATION; habitat; reintroduction; diversity; selection; impacts; filters

摘要

An often - overlooked question of the biodiversity crisis is how natural hazards contribute to species extinction risk. To address this issue, we explored how four natural hazards, earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, and volcanoes, overlapped with the distribution ranges of amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles that have either narrow distributions or populations with few mature individuals. To assess which species are at risk from these natural hazards, we combined the frequency and magnitude of each natural hazard to estimate their impact. We considered species at risk if they overlapped with regions where any of the four natural hazards historically occurred (n = 3,722). Those species with at least a quarter of their range subjected to a high relative impact were considered at high risk (n = 2,001) of extinction due to natural hazards. In total, 834 reptiles, 617 amphibians, 302 birds, and 248 mammals were at high risk and they were mainly distributed on islands and in the tropics. Hurricanes (n = 983) and earthquakes (n = 868) affected most species, while tsunamis (n = 272), and volcanoes (n = 171) affected considerably fewer. The region with the highest number of species at high risk was the Pacific Ring of Fire, especially due to volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis, while hurricane - related high - risk species were concentrated in the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and northwestern Pacific Ocean. Our study provides important information regarding the species at risk due to natural hazards and can help guide conservation attention and efforts to safeguard their survival.