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作者：Jagst, Michelle; Goemer, Andre; Augustyniak, Sanja; Kloehn, Mara; Rehm, Adriana; Ulrich, Rainer G.; Bader, Verian; Winklhofer, Konstanze F.; Brueggemann, Yannick; Gold, Ralf; Gisevius, Barbara; Todt, Daniel; Steinmann, Eike
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Ruhr University Bochum; Friedrich Loeffler Institute; German Center for Infection Research; Ruhr University Bochum; German Center for Infection Research
摘要：Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are one of the most common causes of acute viral hepatitis, annually causing over 3 million symptomatic cases and 70,000 deaths worldwide. Historically, HEV was described as a hepatotropic virus, but has recently been associated with various extrahepatic manifestations including neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and neuralgic amyotrophy. However, the underlying pathogenesis of these neurological diseases remains largely unknown. The aim o...
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作者：Jimmidi, Ravikumar; Monsivais, Diana; Ta, Hai Minh; Sharma, Kiran L.; Bohren, Kurt M.; Chamakuri, Srinivas; Liao, Zian; Li, Feng; Hakenjos, John M.; Li, Jian - Yuan; Mishina, Yuji; Pan, Haichun; Qin, Xuan; Robers, Matthew B.; Sankaran, Banumathi; Tan, Zhi; Tang, Suni; Vasquez, Yasmin M.; Wilkinson, Jennifer; Young, Damian W.; Palmer, Stephen S.; Mackenzie, Kevin R.; Kim, Choel; Matzuk, Martin M.
作者单位：Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Promega Corporation; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Baylor College of Medicine
摘要：Activin receptor type 1 (ACVR1; ALK2) and activin receptor like type 1 (ACVRL1; ALK1) are transforming growth factor beta family receptors that integrate extracellular signals of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and activins into Mothers Against Decapentaplegichomolog 1/5 (SMAD1/SMAD5) signaling complexes. Several activating mutations in ALK2 are implicated in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, and ependymomas. The ALK2 R206H mutation is also presen...
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作者：Lebok, Lando; Buchert, Felix
作者单位：University of Munster
摘要：To maintain CO2 fixation in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, multistep regulation of the chloroplast ATP synthase (CF1Fo) is crucial to balance the ATP output of photosynthesis with protection of the apparatus. A well-studied mechanism is thiol modulation; a light/dark regulation through reversible cleavage of a disulfide in the CF1Fo gamma-subunit. The disulfide hampers ATP synthesis and hydrolysis reactions in dark-adapted CF1Fo from land plants by increasing the required transmembrane elect...
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作者：Rueffer, Claus; Lehmann, Laurent
作者单位：Uppsala University; University of Lausanne
摘要：Many seabirds congregate in large colonies for breeding, a time when they are central place foragers. An influential idea in seabird ecology posits that competition during breeding results in an area of reduced prey availability around colonies, a phenomenon known as Ashmole's halo, and that this limits colony size. This idea has gained empirical support, including the finding that species coexisting within a colony might be able to do so by foraging on a single prey species but at different d...
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作者：Buigues, Jaime; Vinals, Adria; Martinez-Recio, Raquel; Monros, Juan S.; Cuevas, Jose M.; Sanjuan, Rafael
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); University of Valencia; University of Valencia; University of Valencia
摘要：Reverse- transcribing animal DNA viruses include the hepadnaviruses, a well- characterized family of small enveloped viruses that infect vertebrates but also a sister group of nonenveloped viruses more recently discovered in fish and termed the nackednaviruses. Here, we describe the complete sequence of a virus found in the feces of an insectivorous bat, which encodes a core protein and a reverse transcriptase but no envelope protein. A database search identified a viral sequence from a permaf...
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作者：Garaizar, Adiran; Diaz- Oviedo, David; Zablowsky, Nina; Rissanen, Sami; Koebberling, Johannes; Sun, Jiawei; Steiger, Christoph; Steigemann, Patrick; Mann, Florian A.; Meier, Katharina
作者单位：Bayer AG; Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals; Bayer AG; Bayer CropScience; Bayer AG; Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals
摘要：The use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for therapeutic RNA delivery has gained significant interest, particularly highlighted by recent milestones such as the approval of Onpattro and two mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. However, despite substantial advancements in this field, our understanding of the structure and internal organization of RNA-LNPs -and their relationship to efficacy, both in vitro and in vivo- remains limited. In this study, we present a coarse- grained molecular dynamics (MD) ...
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作者：Green, Jonathan P.; Hatchwell, Ben J.
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作者：LaFosse, Paul K.; Zhou, Zhishang; O'Rawe, Jonathan F.; Friedman, Nina G.; Scott, Victoria M.; Deng, Yanting; Histed, Mark H.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：The relationship between neurons' input and spiking output is central to brain computation. Studies in vitro and in anesthetized animals suggest that nonlinearities emerge in cells' input-output (IO; activation) functions as network activity increases, yet how neurons transform inputs in vivo has been unclear. Here, we characterize cortical principal neurons' activation functions in awake mice using two- photon optogenetics. We deliver fixed inputs at the soma while neurons' activity varies wi...
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作者：Li, Xiang; Hu, Shineng; Hu, Yongyun; Cai, Wenju; Jin, Yishuai; Lu, Zhengyao; Guo, Jiaqi; Lan, Jiawenjing; Lin, Qifan; Yuan, Shuai; Zhang, Jian; Wei, Qiang; Liu, Yonggang; Yang, Jun; Nie, Ji
作者单位：Peking University; Duke University; Peking University; Ocean University of China; Ocean University of China; Xiamen University; Xiamen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Earth Environment, CAS; Laoshan Laboratory; Lund University
摘要：The El Ni & ntilde;o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), originating in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, is a defining mode of interannual climate variability with profound impact on global climate and ecosystems. However, an understanding of how the ENSO might have evolved over geological timescales is still lacking, despite a well- accepted recognition that such an understanding has direct implications for constraining human- induced future ENSO changes. Here, using climate simulations, ...
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作者：Nie, Wanshu; V. Kumar, Sujay; Getirana, Augusto; Zhao, Long; Wrzesien, Melissa L.; Konapala, Goutam; Ahmad, Shahryar Khalique; Locke, Kim A.; Holmes, Thomas R.; Loomis, Bryant D.; Rodell, Matthew
作者单位：Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC); Johns Hopkins University; National University of Singapore; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
摘要：Climate change and human activities alter the global freshwater cycle, causing nonstationary processes as its distribution shifting overtime, yet a comprehensive understanding of these changes remains elusive. Here, we develop a remote sensing-informed terrestrial reanalysis and assess the nonstationarity of and interconnections among global water cycle components from 2003 to 2020. We highlight 20 hotspot regions where terrestrial water storage exhibits strong nonstationarity, impacting 35% o...
