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作者：Zhu, Kang; Li, Jingyu; Wen, Wenyu
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University
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作者：Simon, C.; Silevitch, D. M.; Rosenbaum, T. F.; Stampa, P. C. E.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia
摘要：Most macroscopic magnetic phenomena (including magnetic hysteresis) are typically understood classically. Here, we examine the dynamics of a uniaxial rare-earth ferromagnet deep within the quantum regime, so that domain wall motion, and the associated hysteresis, is initiated by quantum nucleation, which then grows into largescale domain wall motion, which is observable as an unusual form of Barkhausen noise. We observe noncritical behavior in the resulting avalanche dynamics that only can be ...
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作者：Sun, Pan; Lin, Xiao - Min; Berab, Mrinal K.; Lin, Binhua; Ying, Dongchen; Chang, Tieyan; Bu, Wei; Schlossman, Mark L.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Chicago; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; University of Chicago
摘要：The extractant-assisted transport of metal ions from aqueous to organic environments by liquid-liquid extraction has been widely used to separate and recover critical elements on an industrial scale. While current efforts focus on designing better extractants and optimizing process conditions, the mechanism that underlies ionic transport remains poorly understood. Here, we report a nonequilibrium process in the bulk aqueous phase that influences interfacial ion transport: the formation of meta...
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作者：Sun, Xiao; Liu, Lu; Wu, Chao; Li, Xueying; Guo, Jinzhen; Zhang, Junqiu; Guan, Junhong; Wang, Nan; Gu, Liya; Yang, Willian; Li, Guo-Min
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Zhejiang University; Lanzhou University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Capital Medical University
摘要：Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. The repeat- expanded HTT encodes a mutated HTT (mHTT), which is known to induce DNA double- strand breaks (DSBs), activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, and apoptosis in HD. However, the mechanism by which mHTT triggers these events is unknown. Here, we show that HTT interacts with both exonuclease 1 (Exo1) and MutL alpha (MLH1-PMS2), a negative regulator of Exo1. ...
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作者：Tamburrini, Ketty C.; Kodama, Sayo; Grisel, Sacha; Haon, Mireille; Nishiuchi, Takumi; Bissaro, Bastien; Kubo, Yasuyuki; Longhi, Sonia; Berrin, Jean-Guy
作者单位：Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Aix-Marseille Universite; INRAE; Setsunan University; Aix-Marseille Universite; INRAE; Kanazawa University
摘要：Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are monocopper enzymes that oxidatively degrade various polysaccharides, such as cellulose. Despite extensive research on this class of enzymes, the role played by their C- terminal regions predicted to be intrinsically disordered (dCTR) has been overlooked. Here, we investigated the function of the dCTR of an LPMO, called CoAA9A, up- regulated during plant infection by Colletotrichum orbiculare, the causative agent of anthracnose. After recombinant ...
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作者：Bian, Zhuyun; Wang, Zeyi; Wang, Diwen; Xu, Jin- Rong
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：A - to - I RNA editing catalyzed by adenosine- deaminase- acting - on - RNA (ADARs) was assumed to be unique to metazoans because fungi and plants lack ADAR homologs. However, genome-wide messenger RNA (mRNA) editing was found to occur specifically during sexual reproduction in filamentous ascomycetes. Because systematic characterization of adenosine/cytosine deaminase genes has implicated the involvement of TAD2 and TAD3 orthologs in A-to-I editing, in this study, we used genetic and biochemi...
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作者：Burlingham, Charlie S.; Sendhilnathan, Naveen; Komogortsev, Oleg; Murdison, T. Scott; Proulx, Michael J.
作者单位：New York University; Texas State University System; Texas State University San Marcos
摘要：Humans coordinate their eye, head, and body movements to gather information from a dynamic environment while maximizing reward and minimizing biomechanical and energetic costs. However, such natural behavior is not possible in traditional experiments employing head/body restraints and artificial, static stimuli. Therefore, it is unclear to what extent mechanisms of fixation selection discovered in lab studies, such as inhibition -of -return (IOR), influence everyday behavior. To address this g...
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作者：Zhu, Qi; Zhao, Qingkun; Huang, Qishan; Chen, Yingbin; Suresh, Subra; Yang, Wei; Zhang, Ze; Zhou, Haofei; Gao, Huajian; Wang, Jiangwei
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Zhejiang University; Nanyang Technological University; Zhejiang University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR - Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC); Zhejiang University
摘要：Grain boundaries (GBs) serve not only as strong barriers to dislocation motion, but also as important carriers to accommodate plastic deformation in crystalline solids. During deformation, the inherent excess volume associated with loose atomic packing in GBs brings about a microscopic degree of freedom that can initiate GB plasticity, which is beyond the classic geometric description of GBs. However, identification of this atomistic process has long remained elusive due to its transient natur...
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作者：Hao, Liangliang; Boehnke, Natalie; Elledge, Susanna K.; Harzallah, Nour-Saida; Zhao, Renee T.; Cai, Eva; Feng, Yu-Xiong; Neaher, Sofia; Fleming, Heather E.; Gupta, Piyush B.; Hammond, Paula T.; Bhatia, Sangeeta N.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics are an emerging class of medicines that selectively target mRNA transcripts to silence protein production and combat disease. Despite the recent progress, a generalizable approach for monitoring the efficacy of RNAi therapeutics without invasive biopsy remains a challenge. Here, we describe the development of a self- reporting, theranostic nanoparticle that delivers siRNA to silence a protein that drives cancer progression while also monitoring the function...
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作者：Mallmin, Emil; Traulsen, Arne; De Monte, Silvia
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS)
摘要：The composition of ecological communities varies not only between different locations but also in time. Understanding the fundamental processes that drive species toward rarity or abundance is crucial to assessing ecosystem resilience and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. In plankton communities in particular, large temporal fluctuations in species abundances have been associated with chaotic dynamics. On the other hand, microbial diversity is overwhelmingly sustained by a rare ...
