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作者：Pichkar, Yakov; Surowiec, Alexandra; Creanza, Nicole
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：The history of people's movements and interactions shapes both genetic and linguistic variation. Genes and languages are transmitted separately and their distributions reflect different aspects of human history, but some demographic processes can cause them to be similarly distributed. In particular, forms of societal organization, including movements in and out of a community, may have shaped the transmission of both genes and languages. If children were more likely to learn their mother's la...
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作者：Taniguchi, James; Tritsch, Nicolas X.
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University
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作者：Cao, Yifeng; Jin, Di; Kampf, Nir; Klein, Jacob
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Zhejiang University
摘要：Lipid bilayers, ubiquitous in living systems, form lubricious boundary layers in aqueous media, with broad relevance for biolubrication, especially in mechanically stressed environments such as articular cartilage in joints, as well as for modifying material interfacial properties. Model studies have revealed efficient lubricity by single- component lipid bilayers; synovial joints, however (e.g. hips and knees), comprise over a hundred different lipids, raising the question of whether this is ...
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作者：Gresch, Daniela; Boettcher, Sage E. P.; Gohil, Chetan; van Ede, Freek; Nobre, Anna C.
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Yale University; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Yale University
摘要：In everyday tasks, our focus of attention shifts seamlessly between contents in the sensory environment and internal memory representations. Yet, research has mainly considered external and internal attention in isolation. We used magnetoencephalography to compare the neural dynamics of shifting attention to visual contents within vs. between the external and internal domains. Participants performed a combined perception and working- memory task in which two sequential cues guided attention to...
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作者：Zhang, Shaowu; Bock, Fiola; Si, Aung; Tautz, Juergen; Srinivasan, Mandyam V.
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作者：Song, Jian; Wan, Shiqiang; Zhang, Kesheng; Hong, Songbai; Xia, Jianyang; Piao, Shilong; Wang, Ying-Ping; Cheni, Jiquan; Hui, Dafeng; Luo, Yiqi; Niul, Shuli; Ru, Jingyi; Xu, Hao; Zheng, Mengmei; Liun, Weixing; Wang, Haidao; Tan, Menghao; Zhou, Zhenxing; Feng, Jiayin; Qiu, Xueli
作者单位：Hebei University; Luoyang Institute of Science & Technology; Peking University; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen); East China Normal University; East China Normal University; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, CAS; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); CSIRO Environment; Michigan State University; Tennessee State University; Cornell University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Henan Normal University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Resources & Regional Planning, CAAS
摘要：Enhancing terrestrial carbon (C) stock through ecological restoration, one of the prominent approaches for natural climate solutions, is conventionally considered to be achieved through an ecological pathway, i.e., increased plant C uptake. By conducting a comprehensive regional survey of 4279 1 x 1 m2 plots at 517 sites across China's drylands and a 13- y manipulative experiment in a semiarid grassland within the same region, we show that greater soil and ecosystem C stocks in restored than d...
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作者：Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Fernando; Young, Arabella; Mittal, Deepak; Martinet, Ludovic; Bruedigam, Claudia; Takeda, Kazuyoshi; Andoniou, Christopher E.; Degli-Esposti, Mariapia A.; Hill, Geoffrey R.; Smyth, Mark J.
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作者：Chimiak, L.; Hara, E.; Sessions, A.; Templeton, A. S.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; California Institute of Technology
摘要：Amino acids are present in all known life, so identifying the environmental conditions under which they can be synthesized constrains where life on Earth might have formed and where life might be found on other planetary bodies. All known abiotic amino acid syntheses require ammonia, which is only produced in reducing and neutral atmospheres. Here, we demonstrate that the Fe- bearing hydroxide mineral ferroan brucite [Fe0.33,Mg0.67(OH)2] can mediate the reaction of nitrate and glyoxylate to fo...
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作者：Guan, Xun; Zhang, Ge; Li, Jinlei; Kim, Sang Cheol; Feng, Guangxia; Li, Yuqi; Cui, Tony; Brest, Adam; Cui, Yi
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford University
摘要：Electrochemical pH-swing strategies offer a promising avenue for cost-effective and energy-efficient carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, surpassing the traditional thermally activated processes and humidity-sensitive techniques. The concept of elevating seawater's alkalinity for scalable CO2 capture without introducing additional chemical as reactant is particularly intriguing due to its minimal environmental impact. However, current commercial plants like chlor-alkali process or water electrolysis ...
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作者：Hua, Yu; Zhang, Jianxiu; Yang, Man-Yun; Zhang, Fan-Yi; Ren, Jing-Yi; Lyu, Xiao-Hui; Ding, Yan; Suo, Fang; Shao, Guang-Can; Li, Jun; Dong, Meng-Qiu; Ye, Keqiong; Du, Li-Lin
作者单位：National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Biophysics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; Tsinghua University
摘要：Killer meiotic drivers (KMDs) are selfish genetic elements that distort Mendelian inheritance by selectively killing meiotic products lacking the KMD element, thereby promoting their own propagation. Although KMDs have been found in diverse eukaryotes, only a limited number of them have been characterized at the molecular level, and their killing mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we identify that a gene previously deemed essential for cell survival in the fission yeast Schizosa...
