Ecological restoration enhances dryland carbon stock by reducing surface soil carbon loss due to wind erosion

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Song, Jian; Wan, Shiqiang; Zhang, Kesheng; Hong, Songbai; Xia, Jianyang; Piao, Shilong; Wang, Ying-Ping; Cheni, Jiquan; Hui, Dafeng; Luo, Yiqi; Niul, Shuli; Ru, Jingyi; Xu, Hao; Zheng, Mengmei; Liun, Weixing; Wang, Haidao; Tan, Menghao; Zhou, Zhenxing; Feng, Jiayin; Qiu, Xueli
• 署名单位: Hebei University; Luoyang Institute of Science & Technology; Peking University; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen); East China Normal University; East China Normal University; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, CAS; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); CSIRO Environment; Michigan State University; Tennessee State University; Cornell University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Henan Normal University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Resources & Regional Planning, CAAS
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-11555
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2416281121
• 发表日期: 2024-11-12
• 关键词: organic-carbon; northern china; CLIMATE-CHANGE; plant; sequestration; ecosystems; grassland; storage

摘要

Enhancing terrestrial carbon (C) stock through ecological restoration, one of the prominent approaches for natural climate solutions, is conventionally considered to be achieved through an ecological pathway, i.e., increased plant C uptake. By conducting a comprehensive regional survey of 4279 1 x 1 m2 plots at 517 sites across China's drylands and a 13- y manipulative experiment in a semiarid grassland within the same region, we show that greater soil and ecosystem C stocks in restored than degraded lands result predominantly from decreased surface soil C loss via suppressed wind erosion. This biophysical pathway is always overlooked in model evaluation of land- based C mitigation strategies. Surprisingly, stimulated plant growth plays a minor role in regulating C stocks under ecological restoration. In addition, the overall enhancement of C stocks in the restored lands increases with both initial degradation intensity and restoration duration. At the national scale, the rate of soil C accumulation (7.87 Tg C y-1) due to reduced wind erosion and surface soil C loss under dryland restoration is equal to 38.8% of afforestation and 56.2% of forest protection in China. Incorporating this unique but largely missed biophysical C- conserving mechanism into land surface models will greatly improve global assessments of the potential of land restoration for mitigating climate change.