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作者：Goutte, Sandra; Boissinot, Stephane
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi
摘要：Color polymorphism can influence the evolutionary fate of cryptic species because it increases populations' chances of survival in heterogenous or variable environments. Yet, little is known about the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms underlying the persistence of cryptic color polymorphisms, or the impact these polymorphisms have on the macroevolutionary dynamics of lineages. Here, we examine the evolutionary history of the most widespread cryptic color polymorphism in anurans, involving ...
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作者：Shen, Fan; Li, Linjie; Yang, Dongchun; Tang, Zhexiao; Zhang, Lu; Liu, Kefang; Hou, Wenzhe; Lu, Zhuozhuang; Fang, Jing - Yuan; Qi, Jianxun; Zhao, Xin; Gao, George F.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Institute of Microbiology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Process Engineering, CAS; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention; National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention
摘要：In eukaryotic systems, three major types of cell junctions have been well characterized. While bacterial adhesion mechanisms also exhibit remarkable diversity, the molecular processes that regulate the dynamic modulation of binding strength between elongated bacterial cells and host cells remain poorly understood. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) utilizes the surface adhesin CbpF to interact with the highly expressed host receptors CEACAM1 and CEACAM5 on cancer cells to facilitate tumor ...
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作者：Yanai, Shogo; Sasaki, Junko; Lee-Okada, Hyeon-Cheol; Takahashi, Fumiya; Kikuchi, Yuto; Morioka, Shin; Yamamoto, Toshiyoshi; Yuguchi, Katsuya; Oikawa, Miko; Kajiho, Hiroaki; Baba, Takashi; Yokoyama, Chikako; Morohashi, Ken-Ichirou; Suzuki, Akira; Yokomizo, Takehiko; Sasaki, Takehiko
作者单位：Juntendo University; Kyushu University; Kyushu University; Kurume University; Kobe University
摘要：Adrenal lipomas are benign tumors containing ectopic adipose tissue in the adrenal gland, an organ that normally lacks both adipocytes and their progenitors. The origin of this ectopic fat remains enigmatic, and the absence of a genetic animal model has key signaling lipid that regulates cellular growth and differentiation, is tightly regulated by the lipid phosphatases PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) and SHIP2 (SH2- containing inositol phosphatase 2). Here, we demonstrate that simultane...
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作者：Hvid, Ulrik; Simonsen, Lone; Frisch, Morten; Sneppen, Kim
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Niels Bohr Institute; Roskilde University; Statens Serum Institut; Aalborg University
摘要：We analyzed the patterns of transmission in the 2022 clade IIb mpox epidemic as it unfolded in the European population of men who have sex with men (MSM). We developed an agent-based model that simulates sexual pair formation, incorporating both brief and longer-term sexual relationships. The model implements survey data on the sexual behavior of MSM and accounts for the highly heterogeneous nature of the sexual contact network within this community. When simulating the mpox epidemic, the mode...
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作者：Kim, Changgon; Hong, Semyeong; Ma, Soo Hyeon; Lee, Joochan; So, Hee; Kim, Jun Young; Shin, Eunbie; Lee, Kippeum; Choi, Sohee; Park, Juyeon; Park, YongKeun; Kim, You-Me; Kim, Ji Hun; Kim, Joon
作者单位：Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Korea University; Korea University Medicine (KU Medicine); Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST)
摘要：Microscopic examination of biopsy tissues remains essential for cancer diagnosis, despite advancements in sequencing technologies. Alterations in nuclear size or the nuclear- to- cytoplasmic ratio are hallmark features of cancer cells and often correlate with disease progression. However, the mechanisms underlying nuclear size abnormalities and their impact on tumor progression remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that nuclear hypertrophy occurs in response to enhanced DNA replication...
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作者：Moya, Raquel; Wang, Xiaohan; Tsien, Richard W.; Maurano, Matthew T.
作者单位：New York University; New York University; New York University; New York University
摘要：Genetic variation within intron 3 of the CACNA1C calcium channel gene is associated with schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders, but analysis of the causal variants and their effect is complicated by a nearby variable- number tandem repeat (VNTR). Here, we explored the structure and population variability of the CACNA1C intron 3 VNTR using 155 long- read genome assemblies from 78 diverse individuals. Based on sequence differences among repeat units, we clustered individual sequence...
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作者：Espinoza, Ana P. Verduzco; Na, Na; Campanati, Loraine; Ngo, Priscilla; Baldwin, Kristin K.; Cline, Hollis T.
作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Columbia University
摘要：Microglia regulate neuronal circuit plasticity. Disrupting their homeostatic function has detrimental effects on neuronal circuit health. Neuroinflammation contributes to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), with several microglial activation genes linked to increased risk for these conditions. Inflammatory microglia alter neuronal excitability, inducing metabolic strain. Interestingly, expression of APOE4, the strongest genetic risk fact...
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作者：Tian, Tim Y. Y.; Wasteneys, Geoffrey O.; Macdonald, Colin B.; Cytrynbaum, Eric N.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia
摘要：The self-organization of cortical microtubule (MT) arrays within plant cells is an emergent phenomenon with important consequences for the synthesis of the cell wall, cell shape, and subsequently the structure of plants. Mathematical modeling and experiments have elucidated the underlying processes involved. There has been recent interest in the influence of geometric cues on array orientation, be it direct (cell shape) or indirect (tension in the membrane). However, the mechanical influence o...
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作者：Zhu, Haojie; Cai, Xinlei; Zhu, Dianhui; Kang, Feiyu; Peng, Lu; Zhi, Chunyi; Yang, Cheng
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs) are gaining attention for their inherent safety and the use of abundant sodium resources. Bismuth (Bi) anode, with its high theoretical capacity and low cost, enhances the performance and competitiveness ofASIBs in energy storage applications. However, as a conversion-type material, Bi inevitably undergoes dramatic volume changes during cycling, limiting the structural stability and calendar life of the electrode. Herein, we present a Bi-carbon composite el...
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作者：Capua-Shenkar, Jenny; Kaestner, Antonia; Rechav, Katya; Brumfeld, Vlad; Ashiri, Ifat Kaplan -; Varsano, Neta; Avinoam, Ori; Speter, Chen; Halak, Moshe; Kruth, Howard; Addadi, Lia
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Weizmann Institute of Science; Weizmann Institute of Science; Tel Aviv University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI)
摘要：We applied micro- computed tomography, high- resolution cryo- scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with cathodoluminescence, and cryo- focused ion beam Milling- SEM to perform three- dimensional imaging of human atherosclerotic tissues with tens of nanometers resolution, under hydrated, near- native conditions with minimal sample processing. The same technology was applied to cultured macrophages exposed to cholesterol crystals, and the observations made on the macrophages were compared...
