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作者：Pederson, Gregory T.; Stahle, Daniel; Mcwethy, David B.; Toohey, Matthew; Jungclaus, Johann; Lee, Craig; Martin, Justin; Alt, Mio; Kichas, Nickolas; Chellman, Nathan; Mcconnell, Joseph R.; Whitlock, Cathy
作者单位：United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; University of Saskatchewan; Max Planck Society; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); Desert Research Institute NSHE
摘要：Climate-driven changes in high-elevation forest distribution and reductions in snow and ice cover have major implications for ecosystems and global water security. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of the Rocky Mountains (United States), recent melting of a high- elevation (3,091 m asl) ice patch exposed a mature stand of whitebark pine (Pious albicaulis) trees, located similar to 180 m in elevation above modern treeline, that date to the develop tree-ring- based temperature estimates for t...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Borjigin, Agudemu; Bharadwaj, Hari M.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：to and precisely follow very fast cycle-by-cycle fluctuations in the phase of sounddriven cochlear vibrations. Yet, the perceptual role of this temporal fine structure experimentally manipulate TFS cues without altering other perceptually relevant cues. Here, we circumnavigated this limitation by leveraging individual differences across 200 participants to systematically compare variations in TFS sensitivity to performance in a range of speech perception tasks. TFS sensitivity was assessed thr...
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作者：Hatkevich, Talia; Tezak, Boris M.; Acemel, Rafael D.; Chung, Vicky Wai Yee; Lupianez, Dario G.; Capel, Blanche
作者单位：Duke University; Wesleyan University; Helmholtz Association; Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universidad Pablo de Olavide; CSIC - Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD)
摘要：In species with genetic sex determination (GSD), the sex identity of the soma determines germ cell fate. For example, in mice, XY germ cells that enter an ovary differentiate as oogonia, whereas XX germ cells that enter a testis initiate differentiation as spermatogonia. However, numerous species lack a GSD system and instead display temperature- dependent sex determination (TSD). In the red- eared slider turtle, Trachemys scripta, a TSD model species with a warm female promoting temperature (...
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作者：Perkins, Mindy Liu; Crocker, Justin; Tkacik, Gasper
作者单位：European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
摘要：Biophysical constraints limit the specificity with which transcription factors (TFs) can target regulatory DNA. While individual nontarget binding events may be low affinity, the sheer number of such interactions could present a challenge for gene regulation by degrading its precision or possibly leading to an erroneous induction state. Chromatin can prevent nontarget binding by rendering DNA physically inaccessible to TFs, at the cost of energy-consuming remodeling orchestrated by pioneer fac...
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作者：Qin, Chun; Yang, Bao; Braeuning, Achim; Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Osborn, Timothy J.; Shishov, Vladimir; He, Minhui; Kang, Shuyuan; Schneider, Lea; Esper, Jan; Buentgen, Ulf; Griessinger, Jussi; Huang, Danqing; Zhang, Peng; Talento, Stefanie; Xoplaki, Elena; Luterbacher, Juerg; Stenseth, Nils Chr.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing University; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Stockholm University; Stockholm University; Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS); University of East Anglia; Siberian Federal University; Justus Liebig University Giessen; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Czech Academy of Sciences; Global Change Research Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Cambridge; Masaryk University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; Salzburg University; Nanjing University; University of Oslo
摘要：The Qin and Western Han dynasties (221 BCE to 24 CE) represent an era of societal prosperity in China. However, due to a lack of high- resolution paleoclimate records it is still unclear whether the agricultural boost documented for this period was associated with more favorable climatic conditions. Here, multiparameter analysis of annually resolved tree- ring records and process- based physiological modeling provide evidence of stable and consistently humid climatic conditions during 270 to 7...
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作者：Shi, Wenpeng; Yi, Xiaogui; Ruan, Hua; Wang, Donglei; Wu, Dan; Jiang, Pengfei; Luo, Lisha; Ma, Xirui; Jiang, Faming; Li, Cairui; Wu, Weinan; Luo, Lingfei; Li, Li; Wang, Guixue; Qiu, Juhui; Huang, Honghui
作者单位：Chongqing University; Southwest University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chongqing Institute of Green & Intelligent Technology, CAS; Dali University; Guangdong Medical University; Guangdong Medical University
摘要：Heterozygotic GATA6 mutations are responsible for various congenital diseases in the heart, pancreas, liver, and other organs in humans. However, there is lack of an animal that can comprehensively model these diseases since GATA6 is essential for early embryogenesis. Here, we report the establishment of a gata6 knockout zebrafish which recapitulates most of the symptoms in patients with GATA6 mutations, including cardiac outflow tract defects, pancreatic hypoplasia/agenesis, gallbladder agene...
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作者：Zhang, Fan; Chen, Shanshan; Zhang, Can; Wang, Zhiwen; Miao, Jianqiang; Dai, Tan; Hao, Jianjun; Liu, Xili
作者单位：China Agricultural University; Northwest A&F University - China; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
摘要：Host plants and various fungicides inhibit plant pathogens by inducing the release of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causing DNA damage, either directly or indirectly leading to cell death. The mechanisms by which the oomycete Phytophthora sojae manages ROS stress resulting from plant immune responses and fungicides remains unclear. This study elucidates the role of histone acetylation in ROS- induced DNA damage responses (DDR) to adapt to stress. Mechanistically, the P. sojae DNA...
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作者：Zhou, Zhenghu; Wang, Chuankuan; Li, Yu'e; Wang, Xuhui; He, Xinhua; Xu, Minggang; Cai, Andong
作者单位：Northeast Forestry University - China; Northeast Forestry University - China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS; Peking University; Shanxi Agricultural University; University of Western Australia; University of California System; University of California Davis; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Resources & Regional Planning, CAAS
摘要：Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural systems is a primary nature- based option for mitigating climate change, improving soil fertility, and ensuring food security. However, the consequences of global warming and increases in carbon inputs on cropland SOC stocks over the last few decades remain largely unknown, particularly in deeper soil layers. Here, by using repeated measurements, we reassess variations in SOC stocks across a 0 to 100 cm soil profile at the same locations in ...
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作者：Liu, Yajie; Li, Pei; Zheng, Yi - Min; Hikichi, Yuta; Ablan, Sherimay D.; Freed, Eric O.; Liu, Shan - Lu
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) that inhibits viral infections through various mechanisms. Here, we identify PLSCR1 as a host restriction factor that inhibits HIV-1 entry by impairing membrane fusion mediated by the envelope glycoprotein (Env). Using multiple cell types including the human SupT1 T cell line and purified CD4+T cells, we demonstrate that PLSCR1 inhibits the replication of HIV-1 with diverse tropisms and subtypes, as well as HIV-2 a...
