2023

最新文章

• GUINEA PIGBOTS AI翻译
  作者：Hutson, Matthew
  摘要：Doing research with human subjects is costly and cumbersome. Can AI chatbots replace them?
• Implications of predicting race variables from medical images AI翻译
  作者：Zou, James; Gichoya, Judy Wawira; Ho, Daniel E. E.; Obermeyer, Ziad
  作者单位：Stanford University; Emory University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：There are now more than 500 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medical artificial intelligence (AI) devices, and AI is used in diverse medical tasks such as assessing the risk of heart failure and diagnosing cancer from images (1). Beyond predicting standard diagnoses, AI models can infer a substantial number of patient features from medical images in ways that humans cannot. For example, several studies have demonstrated that some AI models can infer race variables (crude simplist...
• Experimental evidence on the productivity effects of generative artificial intelligence AI翻译
  作者：Noy, Shakked; Zhang, Whitney
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：We examined the productivity effects of a generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the assistive chatbot ChatGPT, in the context of midlevel professional writing tasks. In a preregistered online experiment, we assigned occupation-specific, incentivized writing tasks to 453 college-educated professionals and randomly exposed half of them to ChatGPT. Our results show that ChatGPT substantially raised productivity: The average time taken decreased by 40% and output quality rose by 18%....
• Improving artificial intelligence with games AI翻译
  作者：Wurman, Peter R.; Stone, Peter; Spranger, Michael
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
  摘要：For thousands of years, humans have played board games as a pleasurable way to pass time and match wits. Games such as Senet were so prized as to be buried with other valuables for the afterlife in Egyptian tombs similar to 3500 BCE (1). Skill in strategic board games such as chess and Go came to represent a pinnacle of human intelligence, and thus it is no surprise that such board games have been viewed as yardsticks by which to measure machine intelligence (2). In recent years, computers hav...
• Coupling proteins, with deadly consequences AI翻译
  作者：Balbach, Jochen; Stubbs, Milton T.
  作者单位：Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg
  摘要：Phage protein E shuts down cell wall biosynthesis to kill bacteria
• Quantum metric nonlinear Hall effect in a topological antiferromagnetic heterostructure AI翻译
  作者：Gao, Anyuan; Liu, Yu-Fei; Qiu, Jian-Xiang; Ghosh, Barun; Trevisan, Thais V.; Onishi, Yugo; Hu, Chaowei; Qian, Tiema; Tien, Hung-Ju; Chen, Shao-Wen; Huang, Mengqi; Berube, Damien; Li, Houchen; Tzschaschel, Christian; Dinh, Thao; Sun, Zhe; Ho, Sheng-Chin; Lien, Shang-Wei; Singh, Bahadur; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Bell, David C.; Lin, Hsin; Chang, Tay-Rong; Du, Chunhui Rita; Bansil, Arun; Fu, Liang; Ni, Ni; Orth, Peter P.; Ma, Qiong; Xu, Su-Yang
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; Northeastern University; Iowa State University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Ames National Laboratory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Cheng Kung University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Boston College; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); National Institute for Materials Science; Harvard University; Harvard University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
  摘要：Quantum geometry in condensed-matter physics has two components: the real part quantum metric and the imaginary part Berry curvature. Whereas the effects of Berry curvature have been observed through phenomena such as the quantum Hall effect in two-dimensional electron gases and the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in ferromagnets, the quantum metric has rarely been explored. Here, we report a nonlinear Hall effect induced by the quantum metric dipole by interfacing even-layered MnBi2Te4 with black...
• Researchers' responsibility to uphold Indigenous rights Too often research brings harm to Indigenous peoples AI翻译
  作者：Ignace, Lawrence; Burton, Lauren; Mynott, Sara; Meehan, Mairi; Olson, Erica; Steel, Jade; Ojeda, Jaime; Harper, Sarah; Ramirez, Luisa; Baker, Dana; Sleigh, Laurel; Frenkel, Caitie; Rhodes, Chris; Ban, Natalie C.
  作者单位：University of Victoria; Memorial University Newfoundland; Universidad de Magallanes
• Generative AI meets copyright AI翻译
  作者：Samuelson, Pamela
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is a disruptive technology that is widely adopted by members of the general public as well as scientists and technologists who are enthusiastic about the potential to accelerate research in a wide variety of fields. But some professional artists, writers, and programmers fiercely object to the use of their creations as training data for generative AI systems and to outputs that may compete with or displace their works (1, 2). Lack of attribution and comp...
• Control of histone demethylation by nuclear-localized α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Fei; Luo, Xiao; Ou, Yang; Gao, Zhaoxu; Tang, Qiming; Chu, Zhenzhen; Zhu, Xinguang; He, Yuehui
  作者单位：Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, CAS; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Methylations on nucleosomal histones play fundamental roles in regulating eukaryotic transcription. Jumonji C domain-containing histone demethylases (JMJs) dynamically control the level of histone methylations. However, how JMJ activity is generally regulated is unknown. We found that the tricarboxylic acid cycle-associated enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) dehydrogenase (KGDH) entered the nucleus, where it interacted with various JMJs to regulate alpha-KG-dependent histone demethylations ...
• Correlating the charge-transfer gap to the maximum transition temperature in Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4+δ AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Zechao; Zou, Changwei; Lin, Chengtian; Luo, Xiangyu; Yan, Hongtao; Yin, Chaohui; Xu, Yong; Zhou, Xingjiang; Wang, Yayu; Zhu, Jing
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Ji Hua Laboratory; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Max Planck Society; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; RIKEN
  摘要：As the number of CuO2 layers, n, in each unit cell of a cuprate family increases, the maximum transition temperature (T-c,T-max) exhibits a universal bell-shaped curve with a peak at n = 3. The microscopic mechanism of this trend remains elusive. In this study, we used advanced electron microscopy to image the atomic structure of cuprates in the Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4+delta family with 1 <= n <= 9; the evolution of the charge-transfer gap size (Delta) with n can be measured simultaneously. We det...