8009期

最新文章

• One-dimensional proximity superconductivity in the quantum Hall regime AI翻译
  作者：Barrier, Julien; Kim, Minsoo; Kumar, Roshan Krishna; Xin, Na; Kumaravadivel, P.; Hague, Lee; Nguyen, E.; Berdyugin, A. I.; Moulsdale, Christian; Enaldiev, V. V.; Prance, J. R.; Koppens, F. H. L.; Gorbachev, R. V.; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T.; Glazman, L. I.; Grigorieva, I. V.; Fal'ko, V. I.; Geim, A. K.
  作者单位：University of Manchester; University of Manchester; Kyung Hee University; Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques (ICFO); Zhejiang University; Lancaster University; National Institute for Materials Science; Yale University; University of Manchester
  摘要：Extensive efforts have been undertaken to combine superconductivity and the quantum Hall effect so that Cooper-pair transport between superconducting electrodes in Josephson junctions is mediated by one-dimensional edge states1-6. This interest has been motivated by prospects of finding new physics, including topologically protected quasiparticles7-9, but also extends into metrology and device applications10-13. So far it has proven challenging to achieve detectable supercurrents through quant...
• Digital colloid-enhanced Raman spectroscopy by single-molecule counting AI翻译
  作者：Bi, Xinyuan; Czajkowsky, Daniel M.; Shao, Zhifeng; Ye, Jian
  作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  摘要：Quantitative detection of various molecules at very low concentrations in complex mixtures has been the main objective in many fields of science and engineering, from the detection of cancer-causing mutagens and early disease markers to environmental pollutants and bioterror agents1-5. Moreover, technologies that can detect these analytes without external labels or modifications are extremely valuable and often preferred6. In this regard, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can detect molecula...
• Do climate lawsuits lead to action? Researchers assess their impact AI翻译
  作者：Wong, Carissa
  摘要：Litigation can lead governments to strengthen their climate policies and curb companies' greenwashing, say scientists.
• The complex polyploid genome architecture of sugarcane AI翻译
  作者：Healey, A. L.; Garsmeur, O.; Lovell, J. T.; Shengquiang, S.; Sreedasyam, A.; Jenkins, J.; Plott, C. B.; Piperidis, N.; Pompidor, N.; Llaca, V.; Metcalfe, C. J.; Dolezel, J.; Capal, P.; Carlson, J. W.; Hoarau, J. Y.; Hervouet, C.; Zini, C.; Dievart, A.; Lipzen, A.; Williams, M.; Boston, L. B.; Webber, J.; Keymanesh, K.; Tejomurthula, S.; Rajasekar, S.; Suchecki, R.; Furtado, A.; May, G.; Parakkal, P.; Simmons, B. A.; Barry, K.; Henry, R. J.; Grimwood, J.; Aitken, K. S.; Schmutz, J.; D'Hont, A.
  作者单位：HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology; Universite de Montpellier; CIRAD; Institut Agro; INRAE; CIRAD; Universite de Montpellier; Institut Agro; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Sugar Research Australia; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); CSIRO Agriculture & Food; Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Arizona; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); CSIRO Agriculture & Food; University of Queensland; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Joint BioEnergy Institute - JBEI; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Queensland; ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature & Agriculture
  摘要：Sugarcane, the world's most harvested crop by tonnage, has shaped global history, trade and geopolitics, and is currently responsible for 80% of sugar production worldwide(1). While traditional sugarcane breeding methods have effectively generated cultivars adapted to new environments and pathogens, sugar yield improvements have recently plateaued(2). The cessation of yield gains may be due to limited genetic diversity within breeding populations, long breeding cycles and the complexity of its...
• Light-wave-controlled Haldane model in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride AI翻译
  作者：Mitra, Sambit; Jimenez-Galan, Alvaro; Aulich, Mario; Neuhaus, Marcel; Silva, Rui E. F.; Pervak, Volodymyr; Kling, Matthias F.; Biswas, Shubhadeep
  作者单位：University of Munich; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM); Leibniz Association; Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics & Short Term Spectroscopy; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford University
  摘要：In recent years, the stacking and twisting of atom-thin structures with matching crystal symmetry has provided a unique way to create new superlattice structures in which new properties emerge(1,2). In parallel, control over the temporal characteristics of strong light fields has allowed researchers to manipulate coherent electron transport in such atom-thin structures on sublaser-cycle timescales(3,4). Here we demonstrate a tailored light-wave-driven analogue to twisted layer stacking. Tailor...
• Revealing uncertainty in the status of biodiversity change AI翻译
  作者：Johnson, T. F.; Beckerman, A. P.; Childs, D. Z.; Webb, T. J.; Evans, K. L.; Griffiths, C. A.; Capdevila, P.; Clements, C. F.; Besson, M.; Gregory, R. D.; Thomas, G. H.; Delmas, E.; Freckleton, R. P.
  作者单位：University of Sheffield; University of Bristol; University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Royal Society for Protection of Birds; University of London; University College London; University of Quebec; University Quebec Outaouais; University of Debrecen; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  摘要：Biodiversity faces unprecedented threats from rapid global change(1). Signals of biodiversity change come from time-series abundance datasets for thousands of species over large geographic and temporal scales. Analyses of these biodiversity datasets have pointed to varied trends in abundance, including increases and decreases. However, these analyses have not fully accounted for spatial, temporal and phylogenetic structures in the data. Here, using a new statistical framework, we show across t...
• Hybrid speciation driven by multilocus introgression of ecological traits AI翻译
  作者：Rosser, Neil; Seixas, Fernando; Queste, Lucie M.; Cama, Bruna; Mori-Pezo, Ronald; Kryvokhyzha, Dmytro; Nelson, Michaela; Waite-Hudson, Rachel; Goringe, Matt; Costa, Mauro; Elias, Marianne; Mendes Eleres de Figueiredo, Clarisse; Freitas, Andre Victor Lucci; Joron, Mathieu; Kozak, Krzysztof; Lamas, Gerardo; Martins, Ananda R. P.; McMillan, W. Owen; Ready, Jonathan; Rueda-Munoz, Nicol; Salazar, Camilo; Salazar, Patricio; Schulz, Stefan; Shirai, Leila T.; Silva-Brandao, Karina L.; Mallet, James; Dasmahapatra, Kanchon K.
  作者单位：Harvard University; University of York - UK; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Alto Amazonas; Lund University; Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Sorbonne Universite; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Universidade Federal do Para; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; McGill University; Universidad del Rosario; University of Sheffield; Braunschweig University of Technology; University of York - UK
  摘要：Hybridization allows adaptations to be shared among lineages and may trigger the evolution of new species 1,2 . However, convincing examples of homoploid hybrid speciation remain rare because it is challenging to demonstrate that hybridization was crucial in generating reproductive isolation 3 . Here we combine population genomic analysis with quantitative trait locus mapping of species-specific traits to examine a case of hybrid speciation in Heliconius butterflies. We show that Heliconius el...
• Blocking cell death limits lung damage and inflammation from influenza AI翻译
  作者：Gupta, Nishma; Silke, John
  作者单位：Melbourne Genomics Health Alliance
  摘要：Animals that receive an inhibitor of an antiviral cell-death response called necroptosis are less likely to die of influenza even at a late stage of infection. This has implications for the development of therapies for respiratory diseases.
• Surprise hybrid origins of a butterfly species AI翻译
  作者：Frayer, Megan E.; Coughlan, Jenn M.
  作者单位：Yale University
• Structural basis of exoribonuclease-mediated mRNA transcription termination AI翻译
  作者：Zeng, Yuan; Zhang, Hong-Wei; Wu, Xiao-Xian; Zhang, Yu
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Efficient termination is required for robust gene transcription. Eukaryotic organisms use a conserved exoribonuclease-mediated mechanism to terminate the mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II)(1-5). Here we report two cryogenic electron microscopy structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pol II pre-termination transcription complexes bound to the 5'-to-3' exoribonuclease Rat1 and its partner Rai1. Our structures show that Rat1 displaces the elongation factor Spt5 to dock at the Pol II ...