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作者：Leeming, Jack
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作者：Vikesland, Peter J.
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
摘要：A technique called surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can detect tiny quantities of compounds in solution, but has been difficult to use for quantitative analysis. A digital approach involving nanoparticles suggests a way forward.
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作者：Blattner, Charlotte E.
作者单位：University of Bern; University of Bern
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作者：Sutton, Christine
摘要：Theoretical physicist saw his eponymous particle discovered after 48 years.
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作者：Wong, Carissa
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作者：Gu, Yisu; Bartolome-Casado, Raquel; Xu, Chuan; Bertocchi, Alice; Janney, Alina; Heuberger, Cornelia; Pearson, Claire F.; Teichmann, Sarah A.; Thornton, Emily E.; Powrie, Fiona
作者单位：University of Oxford; Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; University of Oslo; National Hospital Norway; University of Cambridge; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Roche Holding
摘要：The intestinal immune system is highly adapted to maintaining tolerance to the commensal microbiota and self-antigens while defending against invading pathogens(1,2). Recognizing how the diverse network of local cells establish homeostasis and maintains it in the complex immune environment of the gut is critical to understanding how tolerance can be re-established following dysfunction, such as in inflammatory disorders. Although cell and molecular interactions that control T regulatory (T-reg...
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作者：Robinson, Andrew
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作者：Wong, Carissa
摘要：Countries are cracking down on tobacco use and vaping - the laws could save thousands of lives and billions of dollars, say scientists.
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作者：Kang, Yilin; Hepojoki, Jussi; Maldonado, Rocio Sartori; Mito, Takayuki; Terzioglu, Muegen; Manninen, Tuula; Kant, Ravi; Singh, Sachin; Othman, Alaa; Verma, Rohit; Uusimaa, Johanna; Wartiovaara, Kirmo; Kareinen, Lauri; Zamboni, Nicola; Nyman, Tuula Anneli; Paetau, Anders; Kipar, Anja; Vapalahti, Olli; Suomalainen, Anu
作者单位：University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki; University of Zurich; University of Helsinki; Fahrenheit Universities; Medical University Gdansk; University of Oslo; University of Oslo; National Hospital Norway; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Oulu; University of Oulu; University of Helsinki; Helsinki University Central Hospital; Finnish Food Authority; University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki
摘要：Mitochondria are critical modulators of antiviral tolerance through the release of mitochondrial RNA and DNA (mtDNA and mtRNA) fragments into the cytoplasm after infection, activating virus sensors and type-I interferon (IFN-I) response 1-4 . The relevance of these mechanisms for mitochondrial diseases remains understudied. Here we investigated mitochondrial recessive ataxia syndrome (MIRAS), which is caused by a common European founder mutation in DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1) 5 . Patients hom...
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作者：Olive, Jean-Arthur; Ekstrom, Goran; Buck, W. Roger; Liu, Zhonglan; Escartin, Javier; Bickert, Manon
作者单位：Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Columbia University; Jilin University; Universite de Bretagne Occidentale; Ifremer; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU)
摘要：Mid-ocean ridges (MORs) are quintessential sites of tectonic extension1-4, at which divergence between lithospheric plates shapes abyssal hills that cover about two-thirds of the Earth's surface5,6. Here we show that tectonic extension at the ridge axis can be partially undone by tectonic shortening across the ridge flanks. This process is evidenced by recent sequences of reverse-faulting earthquakes about 15 km off-axis at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Carlsberg Ridge. Using mechanical models, w...
