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作者：Talavera-Soza, Sujania; Cobden, Laura; Faul, Ulrich H.; Deuss, Arwen
作者单位：Utrecht University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Vassar College
摘要：Seismic tomographic models based only on wave velocities have limited ability to distinguish between a thermal or compositional origin for Earth's 3D structure1. Complementing wave velocities with attenuation observations can make that distinction, which is fundamental for understanding mantle convection evolution. However, global 3D attenuation models are only available for the upper mantle at present2, 3, 4-5. Here we present a 3D global model of attenuation for the whole mantle made using w...
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作者：Duan, Chenghao; Zhang, Kaicheng; Peng, Zijian; Li, Shiang; Zou, Feilin; Wang, Feng; Li, Jiong; Zhang, Zheng; Chen, Chang; Zhu, Qiliang; Qiu, Jianhang; Lu, Xinhui; Li, Ning; Ding, Liming; Brabec, Christoph J.; Gao, Feng; Yan, Keyou
作者单位：South China University of Technology; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Linkoping University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metal Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience & Technology, CAS
摘要：All-inorganic perovskites prepared by substituting the organic cations (for example, methylammonium and formamidinium) with inorganic cations (for example, Cs+) are effective concepts to enhance the long-term photostability and thermal stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs)1,2. Hence, inorganic perovskite tandem solar cells (IPTSCs) are promising candidates for breaking the efficiency bottleneck and addressing the stability issue, too3,4. However, challenges remain in fabricating two-termi...
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作者：Baka, Jennifer
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
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作者：Simms, Chris
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作者：Lee, Yun-Tzai; Degenhardt, Maximilia F. S.; Skeparnias, Ilias; Degenhardt, Hermann F.; Bhandari, Yuba R.; Yu, Ping; Stagno, Jason R.; Fan, Lixin; Zhang, Jinwei; Wang, Yun-Xing
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
摘要：RNA conformational diversity has fundamental biological roles1, 2, 3, 4-5, but direct visualization of its full conformational space in solution has not been possible using traditional biophysical techniques. Using solution atomic force microscopy, a deep neural network and statistical analyses, we show that the ribonuclease P (RNase P) RNA adopts heterogeneous conformations consisting of a conformationally invariant core and highly flexible peripheral structural elements that sample a broad c...
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作者：Melero, Ignacio; de Miguel Luken, Maria; de Velasco, Guillermo; Garralda, Elena; Martin-Liberal, Juan; Joerger, Markus; Alonso, Guzman; Goebeler, Maria-Elisabeth; Schuler, Martin; Koenig, David; Dummer, Reinhard; Reig, Maria; Rodriguez Ruiz, Maria-Esperanza; Calvo, Emiliano; Esteban-Villarrubia, Jorge; Oberoi, Arjun; Sabat, Paula; Soto-Castillo, Juan Jose; Koster, Kira-Lee; Saavedra, Omar; Sayehli, Cyrus; Gromke, Tanja; Laeubli, Heinz; Ramelyte, Egle; Fortuny, Marta; Landa-Magdalena, Ana; Moreno, Irene; Torres-Jimenez, Javier; Hernando-Calvo, Alberto; Hess, Dagmar; Racca, Fabricio; Richly, Heike; Schmitt, Andreas M.; Eggenschwiler, Corinne; Sanduzzi-Zamparelli, Marco; Vilalta-Lacarra, Anna; Trojan, Joerg; Koch, Christine; Galle, Peter R.; Foerster, Friedrich; Trajanoski, Zlatko; Hackl, Hubert; Gogolla, Falk; Koll, Florestan J.; Wild, Peter; Chun, Felix Kyoung Hwan; Reis, Henning; Lloyd, Peter; Machacek, Matthias; Gajewski, Thomas F.; Fridman, Wolf H.; Eggermont, Alexander M. M.; Bargou, Ralf; Schoeniger, Sandra; Rueschoff, Josef; Tereshchenko, Anastasiia; Zink, Carina; da Silva, Antonio; Lichtenegger, Felix S.; Akdemir, Julia; Ruediger, Manfred; L'Huillier, Phil; Dutta, Aradhana; Haake, Markus; Auckenthaler, Alexandra; Gjorgjioska, Ana; Roessler, Bernhard; Hermann, Frank; Liebig, Mara; Reichhardt, Daniela; Schuberth-Wagner, Christine; Wischhusen, Joerg; Fettes, Petra; Auer, Marlene; Klar, Kathrin; Leo, Eugen
作者单位：University of Navarra; CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red; CIBERONC; University of Oxford; Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron; Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia (VHIO); Institut Catala d'Oncologia; Kantonsspital St. Gallen; quironsalud Group; University of Wurzburg; University of Duisburg Essen; University of Basel; University of Zurich; University Zurich Hospital; University of Barcelona; Hospital Clinic de Barcelona; IDIBAPS; CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red; CIBEREHD; University of Navarra; Goethe University Frankfurt; Goethe University Frankfurt Hospital; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Medical University of Innsbruck; Goethe University Frankfurt; Goethe University Frankfurt Hospital; Goethe University Frankfurt; Goethe University Frankfurt Hospital; University of Chicago; University of Chicago Medical Center; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Sorbonne Universite; Universite Paris Cite; Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center; Princess Maxima Center; University of Munich; University of Wurzburg
摘要：Cancer immunotherapies with antibodies blocking immune checkpoint molecules are clinically active across multiple cancer entities and have markedly improved cancer treatment1. Yet, response rates are still limited, and tumour progression commonly occurs2. Soluble and cell-bound factors in the tumour microenvironment negatively affect cancer immunity. Recently, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a cytokine that is abundantly produced by many cancer types, was shown to interfere with ant...
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作者：Xing, Zhongqiu; Liu, Fulu; Feng, Jianqiang; Yu, Lu; Wu, Zhouping; Zhao, Beibei; Chen, Bin; Ping, Heng; Xu, Yuanyuan; Liu, Aokun; Zhao, Yue; Wang, Chuanyong; Wang, Binju; Huang, Xiaoqiang
作者单位：Nanjing University; Xiamen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS; Yangzhou University; Fuzhou University
摘要：Multicomponent reactions-those where three or more substrates combine into a product-have been highly useful in rapidly building chemical building blocks of increased complexity(1), but achieving this enzymatically has remained rare(2, 3, 4-5). This limitation primarily arises because an enzyme's active site is not typically set up to address multiple substrates, especially in cases involving multiple radical intermediates(6). Recently, chemical catalytic radical sorting has emerged as an enab...
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作者：Mccoy, T. J.; Russell, S. S.; Zega, T. J.; Thomas-Keprta, K. L.; Singerling, S. A.; Brenker, F. E.; Timms, N. E.; Rickard, W. D. A.; Barnes, J. J.; Libourel, G.; Ray, S.; Corrigan, C. M.; Haenecour, P.; Gainsforth, Z.; Dominguez, G.; King, A. J.; Keller, L. P.; Thompson, M. S.; Sandford, S. A.; Jones, R. H.; Yurimoto, H.; Righter, K.; Eckley, S. A.; Bland, P. A.; Marcus, M. A.; Dellagiustina, D. N.; Ireland, T. R.; Almeida, N. V.; Harrison, C. S.; Bates, H. C.; Schofield, P. F.; Seifert, L. B.; Sakamoto, N.; Kawasaki, N.; Jourdan, F.; Reddy, S. M.; Saxey, D. W.; Ong, I. J.; Prince, B. S.; Ishimaru, K.; Smith, L. R.; Benner, M. C.; Kerrison, N. A.; Portail, M.; Guigoz, V.; Zanetta, P. -m.; Wardell, L. R.; Gooding, T.; Rose, T. R.; Salge, T.; Le, L.; Tu, V. M.; Zeszut, Z.; Mayers, C.; Sun, X.; Hill, D. H.; Lunning, N. G.; Hamilton, V. E.; Glavin, D. P.; Dworkin, J. P.; Kaplan, H. H.; Franchi, I. A.; Tait, K. T.; Tachibana, S.; Connolly Jr, H. C.; Lauretta, D. S.
作者单位：Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; Natural History Museum London; University of Arizona; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Johnson Space Center; Curtin University; Curtin University; Universite Cote d'Azur; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of California System; University of California Berkeley; California State University System; California State University San Marcos; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); Purdue University System; Purdue University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; University of Manchester; Hokkaido University; University of Rochester; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Queensland; Hokkaido University; Universite Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Southwest Research Institute; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Open University - UK; Royal Ontario Museum; University of Tokyo; Rowan University; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory
摘要：Evaporation or freezing of water-rich fluids with dilute concentrations of dissolved salts can produce brines, as observed in closed basins on Earth1 and detected by remote sensing on icy bodies in the outer Solar System2,3. The mineralogical evolution of these brines is well understood in regard to terrestrial environments4, but poorly constrained for extraterrestrial systems owing to a lack of direct sampling. Here we report the occurrence of salt minerals in samples of the asteroid (101955)...
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作者：Smith, Holly
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作者：Rodrigues, Meghie
