Journal of Applied Psychology

最新文章

• The influence of shared mental models on team process and performance AI翻译
  作者：Mathieu, JE; Heffner, TS; Goodwin, GF; Salas, E; Cannon-Bowers, JA
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy
  摘要：The influence of teammates' shared mental models on team processes and performance was tested using 56 undergraduate dyads who flew a series of missions on a personal-computer-based flight combat simulation. The authors bath conceptually and empirically distinguished between teammates' task- and team-based mental models and indexed their convergence or sharedness using individually completed paired-comparisons matrices analyzed using a network-based algorithm. The results illustrated that both...
• Flexible and compressed workweek schedules: A meta-analysis of their effects on work-related criteria AI翻译
  作者：Baltes, BB; Briggs, TE; Huff, JW; Wright, JA; Neuman, GA
  作者单位：Wayne State University; Northern Illinois University
  摘要：Meta-analytic techniques were used to estimate the effects of flexible and compressed workweek schedules on several work-related criteria (productivity/performance, job satisfaction, absenteeism, and satisfaction with work schedule). In general, the effects of both schedules were positive. However, the effects of both flextime and compressed workweek schedules were different across the outcome criteria (e.g., compressed workweek schedules did not significantly affect absenteeism). Thus, the le...
• What's a good reason to change? Motivated reasoning and social accounts in promoting organizational change AI翻译
  作者：Rousseau, DM; Tijoriwala, SA
  作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University
  摘要：This study provides support for social accounts theory and motivated reasoning theory, both of which help explain how employees interpret the reasons that organizations undertake change. In a field study of a hospital implementing empowerment among nurses, staff nurses (n = 501) cited 3 types of reasons as motivating the change: economic, quality improvement, and self-serving or political reasons. (The formal, managerially stated reason for the change was quality improvement.) Results generall...
• Double-blind photoarray administration as a safeguard against investigator bias AI翻译
  作者：Phillips, MR; McAuliff, BD; Kovera, MB; Cutler, BL
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University
  摘要：This experiment examined whether a photoarray administrator's knowledge of a suspect's identity increased false identification rates. Fifty participant-administrators (PAs) presented 50 participant-witnesses (PWs) two perpetrator-absent photoarrays following a live staged crime involving two perpetrators. For one photoarray per trial, the experimenter revealed the suspect's identity to the PA. Each PA presented the photoarrays sequentially or simultaneously in the presence or absence of an obs...
• Trait bandwidth and stages of job performance: Assessing differential effects for conscientiousness and its subtraits AI翻译
  作者：Stewart, GL
  作者单位：Vanderbilt University
  摘要：This study examined relationships with job performance at different stages of employee tenure for a broad personality measure (conscientiousness) and 2 more narrow subtraits (order and achievement). Conscientiousness exhibited a consistent relationship with performance for employees in both the transition stage (newly hired employees) and the maintenance stage (veteran employees). In contrast, the more narrow subtraits exhibited differential relationships. Order correlated more strongly with p...
• The influence of goal orientation and self-regulation tactics on sales performance: A longitudinal field test AI翻译
  作者：VandeWalle, D; Brown, SP; Cron, WL; Slocum, JW Jr
  作者单位：Southern Methodist University; Southern Methodist University
  摘要：The authors investigated the influence of goal orientation on sales performance in a longitudinal field study with salespeople. As hypothesized, a learning goal orientation had a positive relationship with sales performance. This relationship was fully mediated by 3 self-regulation tactics: goal setting, effort, and planning. In contrast, a performance goal orientation was unrelated to sales performance. These results suggest that a focus on skill development, even for a veteran workforce, is ...
• Parents' job insecurity affects children's academic performance through cognitive difficulties AI翻译
  作者：Barling, J; Zacharatos, A; Hepburn, CG
  作者单位：Queens University - Canada; Queens University - Canada
  摘要：The authors developed and tested a model in which children who perceive their parents to be insecure about their jobs are distracted cognitively, which in turn affects their academic performance negatively. Participants were 102 female and 18 male undergraduates (mean age = 18 years), their fathers (mean age = 49 years), and their mothers (mean age = 47 years). Students completed questionnaires measuring perceived parental job insecurity, identification with parents, and cognitive difficulties...
• Effects and timing of developmental peer appraisals in self-managing work groups AI翻译
  作者：Druskat, VU; Wolff, SB
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Boston University
  摘要：This study used a repeated measures time-series design to examine the immediate and longer term impact of a structured, face-to-face developmental peer appraisal on 294 undergraduates in 44 self-managing work groups (SMWGs) and 217 MBA students in 36 SMWGs. Results revealed an immediate positive impact on perceptions of open communication, task motivation, social loafing, group viability, cohesion, and satisfaction. Also, the effects of the peer appraisal were not dependent on the perceived ra...
• Modeling faking good on personality items: An item-level analysis AI翻译
  作者：Zickar, MJ; Robie, C
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Bowling Green State University; University of Houston System; University of Houston
  摘要：Research has consistently demonstrated that personality inventories can be faked; however, there is disagreement about what effect faking has on the measurement properties of tests. This research examines the effects of experimentally induced faking on item-level measurement using polytomous item response theory. Military recruits were instructed to complete a personality inventory under 1 of 3 conditions: answer honestly, fake good, or fake good with coaching. A graded response model (F. Same...
• Safety-related behavior as a social exchange: The role of perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange AI翻译
  作者：Hofmann, DA; Morgeson, FP
  作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Mays Business School; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
  摘要：Researchers have been giving increased attention to the role larger organizational variables play in safety and accidents. Although generally neglected by this research, the nature of the exchange relationships between individuals, leaders, and the organization appears to have safety-related implications. The present research linked leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS) to safety communication, safety commitment, and accidents. Data were collected from 49 supe...