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作者：Baselgia, Enea; Martinez, Isabel Z.
作者单位：University of St Gallen; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：We show that over the 20th century, the ratio of private wealth to national income, beta(pt), in Switzerland did not follow a U-shaped pattern, thereby contrasting the evolution in most European countries. Instead, the ratio was exceptionally stable at around 500%. We argue that this consistently high beta(pt )was the result of geopolitical factors combined with Switzerland's capital-friendly policymaking. Since the turn of the century, however, beta(pt )has been on a rapid rise to reach 793% ...
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作者：Dell'Acqua, Fabrizio; Kogut, Bruce; Perkowski, Patryk
作者单位：Harvard University; Columbia University; Yeshiva University
摘要：This article studies the effects of the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into teams in a laboratory experiment. We randomly assign automated co-workers into laboratory firms who are playing a team-based game on the Nintendo Switch console. We demonstrate that even in a task where AI outperforms humans, automation decreases overall team performance and increases coordination failures. These effects are especially large in the short-term and in low- and medium-skilled teams. Moreover...
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作者：Yeh, Chen
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond
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作者：Aker, Jenny C.; Jack, B. Kelsey
作者单位：Tufts University; Cornell University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Many agricultural and environmental technologies require up-front investments. This may deter adoption, particularly in settings characterized by information, liquidity, and credit constraints. We test for these barriers to the adoption of an agricultural technique that helps address land degradation in Niger. We find little evidence that liquidity or credit constraints deter adoption: instead, providing farmers with training increasesthe share of adopters by over 90 percentage points. Conditi...
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作者：Feigenberg, Benjamin; Ost, Ben; Qureshi, Javaeria A.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：We highlight that analyses using interaction terms to study treatment effect heterogeneity are susceptible to a form of omitted variable bias that is often overlooked in economics. Unlike most instances of omitted variable bias, the omitted variables in this case are available to the researcher but were not included in the model. We demonstrate that this exclusion matters based on a replication of 205 estimates across seventeen papers published in the American Economic Review over a five-year ...
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作者：Paredes, Valentina; Paserman, M. Daniele; Pino, Francisco J.
作者单位：Universidad de Chile; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We provide direct evidence on explicit and implicit biases against women among students in economics relative to other fields. We conducted a large scale survey among undergraduates in Chile, among both entering first-year students and students in years 2 and above, combining a wide battery of measures to create an index of gender bias. Economics students are more biased than students in other fields. There is some evidence that economics students are more biased already upon entry, before exp...
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作者：Phillips, David C.; Sullivan, James X.
作者单位：University of Notre Dame
摘要：This paper provides the first evidence from a randomized controlled trial isolating the impact of financial assistance to prevent homelessness. In this study, individuals and families at imminent risk of homelessness were offered temporary financial assistance, averaging nearly $2,000 for those assigned to treatment. Our results show that this assistance significantly reduces homelessness by 3.8 percentage points from a base rate of 4.1%. The effects are larger for people with a history of hom...
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作者：Bulte, Erwin; Di Falco, Savatore; Kassie, Menale; Vollenweider, Xavier
作者单位：Wageningen University & Research; University of Geneva; International Centre of Insect Physiology & Ecology (ICIPE)
摘要：Low productivity in agriculture is a major cause of povertyand food insecurity in Africa. One explanation for low productivity is thewidespread presence of low-quality inputs on local markets (lemon tech-nologies), which causes uncertainty among farmers and erodes incentivesfor adoption. We report the results from a field experiment in Tanzania tostudy the impact of improved maize seeds in a context where we exoge-nously vary seed quality and uncertainty about seed type. The analysis isat the ...
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作者：Teso, Edoardo
作者单位：Northwestern University; Bocconi University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：I leverage a new panel on the contributions to members of the U.S. Congress (MCs) from 401,557 corporate leaders of 14,807 U.S. corporations over 1999-2018 to show that U.S. corporate elites use contributions to political campaigns as a tool of political influence. Donations increase by 11% when a politician is assigned to a committee dealing with policy issues relevant to a corporate leader's company. The effect is driven by donations to MCs with the greatest power in the committees. I estima...
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作者：Butikofer, Aline; Dalla-Zuanna, Antonio; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); European Central Bank; Bank of Italy; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper demonstrates that a large economic shock such as an oil boom increases intergenerational earnings mobility among directly affected men, mostly through increased bottom-up mobility, but not for women. Preexisting local differences in mobility or shifts in the earnings distributions do not drive these findings. Instead, changes in relative earnings paid to workers with different skills offer the best explanation. Moreover, we document that intergenerational mobility is significantly h...
