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作者：Cusolito, Ana Paula; Dautovic, Ernest; McKenzie, David
作者单位：The World Bank; European Central Bank; University of Lausanne
摘要：Innovative firms with good ideas may still struggle to fine-tune them to the stage where they can attract outside funding. We conduct a five-country randomized experiment that tests the impact of an investment readiness program. Firms then pitched their ideas to independent judges. The program resulted in a 0.3 standard deviation increase in the investment readiness score. Two years later, the average impacts on firm investment outcomes are positive but small in magnitude and not statistically...
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作者：Shenhav, Na'ama
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：This paper examines the effect of the female-to-male wage ratio, relativewage, onwomen's spouse quality, marriage, and labor supply over three decades. Exploiting task-based demand shifts as a shock to relative pay, I find that a higher relative wage (a) increases the quality of women's mates, as measured by higher spousal education; (b) reduces marriagewithout substitution to cohabitation; and (c) raises women's hours of work. These effects are consistent with a model in which a higher relati...
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作者：Carpenter, Jeffrey; Huet-Vaughn, Emiliano; Matthews, Peter Hans; Robbett, Andrea; Beckett, Dustin; Jamison, Julian
作者单位：Middlebury College; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Claremont Colleges; Pomona College; Aalto University; University of Exeter
摘要：We exploit the principles of choice architecture to evaluate interventions in the market for reloadable prepaid cards. Participants are randomized into three card menu presentation treatments-the market status quo, a regulation-inspired reform, or an enhanced reform designed to minimize attribute overload-and offered choices based on prior structural estimation of individual preferences. Consumers routinely choose incorrectly under the status quo, with tentative evidence that the regulation-in...
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作者：Demyanyk, Yuliya; Loutskina, Elena; Murphy, Daniel
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作者：Olney, William W.; Pozzoli, Dario
作者单位：Williams College; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：This paper studies the relationship between immigration and offshoring by examining whether an influx of foreign workers reduces the need for firms to relocate jobs abroad. Using a Danish natural experiment and their employer-employee matched data set covering the universe of workers and firms (1995-2011), our findings show that an exogenous influx of immigrants into a municipality reduces firm-level offshoring at both the extensive and intensive margins. While the multilateral relationship is...
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作者：Mayer, Thierry; Melitz, Marc J.; Ottaviano, Gianmarco I. P.
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We document how demand shocks in export markets lead French multiproduct exporters to reallocate the mix of products sold in those destinations. In response to positive demand shocks, French firms skew their export sales toward their best-performing products. We develop a theoretical model of multiproduct firms and derive the specific demand conditions (with endogenous price elasticities) needed to generate these product-mix reallocations. Under those demand conditions, the increased competiti...
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作者：Chen, Maggie X.; Wu, Min
作者单位：George Washington University
摘要：We examine the role of an online reputation mechanism in international trade by exploring T-shirt exports on Alibaba. Exploiting rich transaction data and features of search and rating algorithms, we show that exporters displaying a superior reputation perform significantly better than peers with nearly identical true ratings and observables, and the value of reputation rises with the level of information friction and the specificity of information. We develop a dynamic reputation model with h...
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作者：Comola, Margherita; Prina, Silvia
作者单位：Universite Paris Saclay; Paris School of Economics; Northeastern University
摘要：Networks may rewire in response to interventions. We propose a measure of the treatment effect when an intervention affects the structure of a social network. We develop a treatment-response model that incorporates dynamic peer effects and provide its identification conditions and the associated instrumental-variable strategy. We illustrate our estimation procedure using a panel data set containing information on a financial network before and after a field experiment that randomized access to...
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作者：Fetzer, Thiemo; Hensel, Lukas; Hermle, Johannes; Roth, Christopher
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Peking University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We provide one of the first systematic assessments of the development and determinants of economic anxiety at the onset of the coronavirus pandemic. Using a global data set on internet searches and two representative surveys from the United States, we document a substantial increase in economic anxiety during and after the arrival of the coronavirus. We also document a large dispersion in beliefs about the pandemic risk factors of the coronavirus and demonstrate that these beliefs causally aff...
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作者：Montalvo, Jose G.; Reynal-Querol, Marta
作者单位：Barcelona School of Economics; Pompeu Fabra University; Pompeu Fabra University; ICREA; Barcelona School of Economics
摘要：The relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and economic growth is complex. Empirical research working with cross-country data finds a negative, or statistically insignificant, relationship. However, analysis at the city level finds a positive effect of diversity on wages and productivity. Generally there is a trade-off between the economic benefits of diversity and the costs of heterogeneity. Using cells of fixed size, we find that the relationship between diversity and growth is positive f...
