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作者：Fluckiger, Matthias; Ludwig, Markus
作者单位：University of York - UK; Braunschweig University of Technology
摘要：This paper documents that online social networks-Facebook in particular-can facilitate the spread of social movements across space and time. Focusing on the largest protest movement in recent history, the wave of Black Lives Matter protests sparked by the killing of George Floyd on 25 May 2020, we show that protests are more likely to spill over between US counties when they are more closely connected within the Facebook network. To identify causal effects, we develop an instrumental variable ...
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作者：Ferlenga, Francesco; Knight, Brian
作者单位：University of Warwick; Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper develops anew approach to detecting electoral fraud. Our context involves repeaters, individuals voting in multiple states in the U.S. during 19th Century Congressional Elections. Given high travel times, and the associated difficulties of voting in multiple states on the same day, we exploit the staggered introduction of holding federal elections on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November (1T1M). The key finding is that county-level turnout rates fell when the closest ...
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作者：Khalil, Umair; Sanfelice, Viviane
作者单位：Deakin University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University
摘要：We evaluate a policy implemented in Chicago geared towards improving the private housing stock in distressed neighborhoods. First, the program successfully increased housing renovations and reduced foreclosures, demonstrating tangible housing improvements. Next, treated areas experienced significant reductions in burglaries and robberies, with adjacent neighborhoods also documenting similar decreases in crime. We do not find evidence that gentrification with displacement of incumbent residents...
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作者：Burton, Anne M.; Wasser, David N.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：Ban-the-Box (BTB) policies intend to help formerly incarcerated individuals find employment by delaying when employers can ask about criminal records. We revisit the finding in Doleac and Hansen (2020) that BTB causes statistical discrimination against minority men. We correct miscoded BTB laws and show that estimates from the Current Population Survey (CPS) remain quantitatively similar, while those from the American Community Survey (ACS) now fail to reject the null hypothesis of no effect o...
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作者：Schlee, Edward E.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：Weitzman (1974) asks whether we should regulate a good by fixing quantity or by fixing price when cost and benefit are uncertain. His welfare criterion-expected aggregate surplus-tacitly imposes two strong quasilinearity assumptions on a consumer's preferences: neutrality with respect to income risk; and absence of income effects on the valuation of the good. Both are matters of first-order importance for the evaluation of allocations under uncertainty. Here I ask how risk aversion affects the...
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作者：Kuka, Elira; Stuart, Bryan A.
作者单位：George Washington University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：This paper studies differences in unemployment insurance (UI) benefit receipt among White and Black individuals. We combine data containing detailed information on individuals' work history and UI receipt with state-level UI regulations. Black individuals who separate from a job are 30 % less likely to receive UI and receive 46 % fewer benefits than White individuals. These gaps are similar in magnitude among individuals who are likely eligible for UI. Statistical decompositions indicate that ...
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作者：Ando, Michihito; Mori, Hiroaki; Yamaguchi, Shintaro
作者单位：Rikkyo University; University of Tokyo
摘要：The evidence for the effects of early childhood education on risky behavior in adolescence is limited. This paper studies the consequences of an expansion of a universal preschool program in Japan. Exploiting regional differences in the program expansion, we estimate the policy effects using an event study model. Our estimates indicate that the preschool expansion significantly reduced juvenile violent arrests and the rate of teenage pregnancy, but did not increase high school enrollment or co...
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作者：Heiser, Eric; Love, Michael; Mortenson, Jacob
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：How do firms respond when a tax reform changes the relative costs of inputs? We exploit a reform in Texas that broadened the corporate tax base and created a 1% tax wedge favoring both cost of goods sold (COGS) and worker compensation over other types of expenses. We find no discernible real change in inputs, and little avoidance response into worker compensation, but find a large avoidance response reclassifying costs into COGS (a 4% base reduction, with elasticity-5). Our results highlight t...
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作者：Bekhtiar, Karim
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz
摘要：In recent decades, right-wing populist parties have experienced increased electoral success in many Western democracies. This rise of the far-right, which is strongly built on the support of the working class, coincides with a sharp decline of the manufacturing sector. This paper analyzes the contribution of this manufacturing decline to the rise of the Austrian far-right. Overall, the decline in manufacturing employment has strongly contributed to this rightward shift in the political landsca...
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作者：Dean, Emma B.
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：This study examines the impacts of pharmaceutical price controls in a middle-income country setting, focusing on an implementation of pharmaceutical price ceilings in India. In the short-term, it finds that price controls led to declining prices for directly-impacted and competing products and increased market share for high-quality products. However, after price controls were implemented, low-priced firms were more likely to exit price-controlled markets and sales of price-controlled products...
