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作者：Kerschbamer, Rudolf; Neururer, Daniel; Sutter, Matthias
作者单位：University of Innsbruck; University of Otago; Max Planck Society; University of Cologne
摘要：Credence goods markets are characterized by large informational asymmetries between consumers and expert sellers. In two waves of a natural field experiment in the market for computer repairs we study whether consumers benefit from accessing online information about their needs or previous consumers' experience with particular sellers. We find that gaining noisy knowledge about one's needs and revealing it to the seller is a costly mistake, since seemingly better informed customers pay, on ave...
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作者：Bleemer, Zachary
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：As affirmative action loses political feasibility, many universities have implemented race-neutral alterna-tives like top percent policies and holistic review to increase enrollment among disadvantaged students. I study these policies' application, admission, and enrollment effects using University of California admin-istrative data. UC's affirmative action and top percent policies increased underrepresented minority (URM) enrollment by over 20 percent and less than 4 percent, respectively. Ho...
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作者：Hershbein, Brad; Stuart, Bryan A.
作者单位：W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：This paper studies how government transfers respond to changes in local economic activity that emerge during recessions. Local labor markets that experience greater employment losses during recessions face persistent relative decreases in per capita earnings. However, these areas also experience persistent increases in per capita transfers, which offset 16 percent of the earnings loss on average. The increase in transfers is driven by unemployment insurance in the short run, and medical, retir...
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作者：Bharti, Nitin Kumar; Roy, Sutanuka
作者单位：University of Namur; Australian National University; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi
摘要：We estimate the causal effects of judges' exposure to communal violence during early childhood on pre-trial detention rates by exploiting novel administrative data on judgments and detailed resumes of judi-cial officers born during 1955-1991. Our key result is that judges exposed to communal violence between ages 0 and 6 years are 16% more prone to deny bail than the average judge, with the impact being stron-ger for the experience of riots between ages 3 and 6 years. The observed judicial str...
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作者：Da Mata, Daniel; Emanuel, Lucas; Pereira, Vitor; Sampaio, Breno
作者单位：Universidade Federal da Bahia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper studies how in utero exposure to a large-scale climate adaptation program affects birth out-comes. The program built around one million cisterns in Brazil's poorest and driest region to promote small-scale decentralized rainfall harvesting. Access to cisterns during early pregnancy increased birth weight, particularly for more educated mothers. Data suggest that more educated women complied more with the program's water disinfection training, highlighting that even simple, low-cost ...
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作者：Gallegos, Sebastian; Roseth, Benjamin; Cuesta, Ana; Sanchez, Mario
作者单位：Universidad Adolfo Ibanez; Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：Increasing public service take-up is a critical challenge. We invested in a government-r u n digital appointment system for an important health screening service and conducted a large-scale experiment encouraging its use, specifically assessing the influence of transactions costs and information . Using administrative records on the near-universe of eligible women (47,600) in Uruguay's capital city, we randomized invitations to book with ou r digital-system or as-usual with local clinics. Digi...
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作者：Fischbacher, Urs; Grammling, David; Hausfeld, Jan; Zika, Vojtech
作者单位：University of Konstanz; University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; University of Jan Evangelista Purkyne; Charles University Prague
摘要：Politics is increasingly driven by identity cleavages, which also affect the discussion about inequality and redistribution. Typically, redistribution is meant to reduce inequality, implying that redistribution nei- ther makes the rich richer nor the former poor the new rich. However, if identity affects redistribution, these limits might no longer be binding, and redistribution could further increase existing inequalities (making the rich richer) or reverse the income ordering to favor the on...
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作者：Hernandez-Cortes, Danae; Meng, Kyle C.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Market-based environmental policies are widely adopted on the basis of allocative efficiency. However, there is growing concern that market-induced spatial reallocation of pollution could widen existing pollution concentration gaps between disadvantaged and other communities. We examine how this environmental justice (EJ) gap changed following the 2013 introduction of California's carbon market, the world's second largest and the most subjected to EJ critiques. We estimate that the program lo...
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作者：Ahammer, Alexander; Packham, Analisa
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Vanderbilt University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using administrative data for Upper Austrian workers from 2003-2013, we show that a 9-week extension in unemployment insurance (UI) duration increases nonemployment length by 4 days, on average, and impacts worker physical and mental health. These effects vary by gender. Specifically, we find that female workers eligible for an additional 9 weeks of UI benefits reduce opioid and antidepressant prescriptions by 0.5 percentage points (50%) and 0.9 percentage points (11%), respectively. Moreover,...
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作者：Welsch, Anthony
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This study examines how income tax sourcing rules affect business activity in U.S. states. As technology has enabled companies to provide services to consumers globally, a growing number of governments seek to tax service companies based on the customer location (market-based sourcing) rather than the location of the company's labor and capital. Consistent with market-based sourcing reducing the tax cost of locating marginal labor in the state, I find that state adoption of market-based sourci...
