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作者：Dillen, M; Lundholm, M
摘要：In this paper we extend the classic optimum linear income tax model to a twice repeated game. A utilitarian policy-maker decides on the second-period tax system on the basis of observed first-period behaviour. We summarise our findings as follows. First, the static optimal linear tax results cannot be expected to hold in a dynamic setting. Second, more productive households are likely to mimic the behaviour of less productive households. Third, the optimal dynamic first-period tax rate might b...
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作者：Hoel, M
摘要：If some, but not all, countries are cooperating to reduce CO2 emissions, one could make the following argument: a high carbon tax for carbon intensive tradeable sectors in the cooperating countries will reduce the production of goods from these sectors, and therefore CO2 emissions, in the cooperating countries. However, this will to a large extent be counteracted by increased production of such goods in the countries that have no climate policy. And since it is only total CO2 emissions from al...
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作者：Andersen, TM; Rasmussen, BS; Sorensen, JR
摘要：We set up a general equilibrium model with unemployment owing to distortions in the labour market. It is shown that a public expansion, financed by a distortionary income tax, may give rise to a decrease in unemployment. Even if public goods are pure waste, such an expansion may give rise to an increase in welfare if it is associated with a decrease in unemployment. Since part of the gain from a fiscal expansion is achieved at the expense of welfare in other countries, non-cooperative policies...
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作者：Gans, JS; Smart, M
作者单位：Stanford University; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：We clarify and extend a number of sufficient conditions for the existence of a majority voting equilibrium on one-dimensional choice domains. These conditions, variously stated in the previous literature, all impose order restrictions on voter preferences (for instance, monotone marginal rates of substitution) which we show to imply or be equivalent to a general, ordinal version of the single-crossing condition. This simple property is economically intuitive and easily checked in applications....
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作者：Clark, AE; Oswald, AJ
作者单位：Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper attempts to test the hypothesis that utility depends on income relative to a 'comparison' or reference level. Using data on 5,000 British workers, it provides two findings. First, workers' reported satisfaction levels are shown to be inversely related to their comparison wage rates. Second, holding income constant, satisfaction levels are shown to be strongly declining in the level of education. More generally, the paper tries to help begin the task of constructing an economics of j...
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作者：Janeba, E
摘要：In this paper a model of taxation of foreign source corporate income is developed when the output market is not perfectly competitive. Profit shifting policies, similar to those in the new trade literature, are also present in the case of foreign direct investment (FDI). There are, however, important differences to the new trade theory since in case of FDI, (i) corporate taxation and double taxation relief are the policy instruments rather than output or revenue taxes, (ii) countries are not s...
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作者：Che, YK
摘要：In large class litigation, courts often award judgments or make important decisions on the basis of the aggregate merit of the entire class and not upon the individual merit of each member. This so-called damage averaging practice provides different incentives to victims with different stakes to join a class action. When the defendant has complete information about each plaintiff's case, adverse selection, much like Akerlof's 'lemons' problem, arises in that low-stakes plaintiffs join the clas...
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作者：Thomas, D; Lavy, V; Strauss, J
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Michigan State University
摘要：Household survey data from the Cote d'Ivoire are used to examine the impact of public policies on child height, child weight for height and adult body mass index. Economic adjustment programs in the 1980s were accompanied by reduced availability and quality of health care services and increases in relative food prices. The health of Ivorians was probably adversely affected by these changes. Basic services, such as immunizations and having simple materials, such as common drugs, in stock is ass...
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作者：Ihori, T
摘要：This paper investigates the impacts of productivity differentials in contributing to the public good on national welfare in the context of non-cooperative voluntary provision of a pure public good. A country with high productivity does not necessarily enjoy high welfare. Subsidizing the other country in a contribution game may lead to a strong paradoxical result, while a lump-sum transfer will lead to a weak paradoxical result. We also explore the relationship between the price of the public g...
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作者：Inman, RP; Rubinfeld, DL
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The emerging economic federations of the European Union, Russia, and South Africa, along with the established federations in Australia, Canada, and the United States, confront the task of designing the institutions for federal fiscal policy. This paper reviews the literature on the design of tax policy in federalist economics. We conclude that taxation by lower level governments can lead to significant economic inefficiencies and inequities. The usual 'assignment' view of federalism recommends...
