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作者：Mayer, Adalbert; Puller, Steven L.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：This paper documents the structure and composition of social networks on university campuses and investigates the processes that lead to their formation. Using administrative data and information from Facebook.com, we document the factors that are the strongest predictors of whether two students are friends. Race is strongly related to social ties, even after controlling for a variety of measures of socioeconomic background, ability, and college activities. We develop a model of the formation ...
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作者：Chirinko, Robert S.; Wilson, Daniel J.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Over the past four decades, state investment tax incentives have proliferated. This emergence of state investment tax credits (ITC) and other investment tax incentives raises two important questions: I) Are these tax incentives effective in achieving their stated objective, to increase investment within the state?: 2) To the extent these incentives raise investment within the state, how much of this increase is due to investment drawn away from other states? To begin to answer these questions,...
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作者：Armenter, Roc
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：Optimal capital taxes may be positive in the steady state in Ramsey models with an incomplete set of factor taxes. I show this possibility crucially depends on how fiscal policy is constrained at date t=0. If the government is barred from manipulating the value of initial assets, the Chamley-Judd result reappears: the optimal capital tax is always zero in the steady state. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Wendner, Ronald; Goulder, Lawrence H.
作者单位：University of Graz; Stanford University
摘要：Most studies of the optimal provision of public goods or the excess burden from taxation assume that individual utility is independent of other individuals' consumption. This paper investigates public good provision and excess burden in a model that allows for interdependence in consumption in the form of status (relative consumption) effects. In the presence of such effects, consumption and labor taxes no longer are pure distortionary taxes but have a corrective tax element that addresses an ...
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作者：Galasso, Vincenzo
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Conventional economic wisdom suggests that because of the aging process, social security systems will have to be retrenched. In particular, retirement age will have to be largely increased. Yet, is this policy measure feasible in OECD countries? Since the answer belongs mainly to the realm of politics, I evaluate the political feasibility of postponing retirement under aging in France, Italy, the UK, and the US. Simulations for the year 2050 steady state demographic, economic and political sce...
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作者：Martimort, David; Semenov, Aggey
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; National University of Singapore
摘要：We use a mechanism design approach to study the organization of interest groups in an informational model of lobbying. Interest groups influence the legislature only by communicating private information on their preferences and not by means of monetary transfers. Interest groups have private information on their ideal points in a one-dimensional policy space and may either compete or adopt more collusive behaviors. Optimal policies result from a trade-off between imposing rules which are non-r...
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作者：Crumpler, Heidi; Grossman, Philip J.
作者单位：Minnesota State Colleges & Universities; Saint Cloud State University
摘要：This paper reports the results of an experimental test of the warm glow hypothesis. A participant is presented with the opportunity to contribute from her own endowment to a charity of choice. The experiment is designed so that a pure altruist has no incentive to donate. The amount the designated charity will receive is preset; any contribution by the participant crowds out dollar-for-dollar giving by the proctor. We find that participants, on average, donated 20% of their endowments and that ...
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作者：Bethencourt, Carlos; Galasso, Vincenzo
作者单位：Universidad de la Laguna
摘要：All OECD countries target a large majority of their welfare spending to the elderly, through public pensions and health care programs. Spending in both programs has largely increased in the past decades - often more than the share of elderly in the population. We suggest that these phenomena may be due to political complementarities between these two transfer programs. We show that these two programs may coexist, because public health care may increase the political constituency in favor of so...
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作者：Dahlberg, Matz; Edmark, Karin
作者单位：Uppsala University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：In this paper we investigate whether local governments react on the welfare benefit levels in neighboring jurisdictions when setting their own benefit levels. We solve the simultaneity problem arising from the welfare game by utilizing a policy intervention; more specifically, we use a centrally geared exogenous placement of a highly welfare prone group (refugees) among Swedish municipalities as an instrument. The IV estimates indicate that there exists a race-to-the-bottom and that the effect...
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作者：Schultz, C.
