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作者：Gobillon, Laurent; Magnac, Thierry; Selod, Harris
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); The World Bank; INRAE
摘要：This paper presents an impact evaluation of the French enterprise zone program which was initiated in 1997 to help unemployed workers find employment by granting a significant wage-tax exemption (about one third of total labor costs) to firms hiring at least 20% of their labor force locally. Drawing from a unique geo-referenced dataset of unemployment spells in the Paris region over an extensive period of time (1993-2003), we are able to measure the direct effect of the program on unemployment...
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作者：Grainger, Corbett A.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Changes in housing Changes in housing prices play an important role in determining the incidence of environmental regulations: if the increase in value due to changes in environmental amenities is fully passed forward in the form of higher rental prices, renters may receive no net benefit from the regulations. To estimate the pass-through of the value of an environmental amenity, I exploit the reduction in suspended particulate matter (PM10) due to the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA). Usi...
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作者：Speciale, Biagio
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles
摘要：This paper studies the impact of immigration on public education expenditures in EU-15 countries. Identification comes from the use of the 1990s Balkan wars (in Bosnia and Kosovo) as a source of exogenous variation in immigrant inflows to mitigate a possible Tiebout-type bias from endogenous mobility. An increase in foreign population is found to have a small negative effect on public education expenditures. The elasticity of education spending with respect to immigrant population share is -.1...
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作者：Anesi, Vincent
作者单位：University of Nottingham
摘要：With the changing political and economic circumstances confronting their countries, regionally concentrated minorities have been facing a strategic problem, important aspects of which can be stylized as a situation in which a minority leader is uncertain about the costs of secession for her community. This paper shows that this uncertainty is a central cause of secession, using a model which incorporates both policies to appease secessionist aspirations and informational asymmetries. In a situ...
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作者：Jackson, C. Kirabo
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I analyze changes in teacher turnover, hiring, effectiveness, and salaries at traditional public schools after the opening of a nearby charter school. While I find small effects on turnover overall, difficult to staff schools (low-income, high-minority share) hired fewer new teachers and experienced small declines in teacher quality. I also find evidence of a demand side response where schools increased teacher compensation to better retain quality teachers. The results are robust across a var...
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作者：Buettner, Thiess; Overesch, Michael; Schreiber, Ulrich; Wamser, Georg
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Goethe University Frankfurt; University of Mannheim; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：This paper analyzes the effectiveness of limitations of the tax deductibility of interest expenses for multinational corporations, so-called thin-capitalization rules. The empirical investigation exploits a large micro-level panel dataset of multinational firms to analyze the effects of thin-capitalization rules on the capital structure of foreign subsidiaries located in OECD countries in the time period between 1996 and 2004. The findings indicate that thin-capitalization rules effectively re...
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作者：Miller, Sarah
作者单位：Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Notre Dame
摘要：This paper analyzes the impact of a major health reform in Massachusetts on emergency room (ER) visits. I exploit the variation in pre-reform uninsurance rates across counties to identify the causal effect of the reform on ER visits. My estimates imply that the reform reduced ER usage by between 5 and 8%, nearly all of which is accounted for by a reduction in non-urgent visits that could be treated in alternative settings. The reduction in emergency room visits is most pronounced during regula...
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作者：Liang, Che-Yuan
作者单位：Uppsala University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：This paper extends the nonparametric structural method to estimate labor supply developed by Blomquist and Newey (2002) to handle cases in which there are individuals who do not work. The method is then applied to married women in Sweden from 1973 to 1999. I find an uncompensated wage elasticity of 0.98 and an income elasticity of -0.10, with the participation margin accounting for one third of the wage elasticity and two thirds of the income elasticity. The elasticities vary, however, a lot o...
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作者：Litschig, Stephan
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：Manipulation of government finances for the benefit of narrowly defined groups is usually thought to be limited to the part of the budget over which politicians exercise discretion in the short run, such as earmarks. Analyzing a revenue-sharing program between the central and local governments in Brazil that uses an allocation formula based on local population estimates, I document two main results: first, that the population estimates entering the formula were manipulated and second, that thi...
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作者：Tran, Anh; Zeckhauser, Richard
作者单位：Harvard University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Money is the prime incentive considered in economic models. However, recent evidence indicates that people are also greatly concerned about their social rankings. Is this solely because rank brings tangible benefits, or because in addition people have an inherent preference for high rank? This paper deployed a field experiment that provides evidence for an inherent preference. In the experiment, Vietnamese students enrolled in an English course performed significantly better on the official st...
