-
作者：Engberg, John; Epple, Dennis; Imbrogno, Jason; Sieg, Holger; Zimmer, Ron
作者单位：RAND Corporation; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Pennsylvania; Vanderbilt University
摘要：We study the effectiveness of magnet programs in an urban district that ration excess demand by admission lotteries. Differential attrition arises since students who lose the lottery are more likely to pursue options outside the school district than students who win the lottery. When students leave the district, important outcome variables are often not observed. The treatment effects are not point-identified. We exploit known quantiles of the outcome distribution to construct informative boun...
-
作者：Schoenberg, Uta; Ludsteck, Johannes
作者单位：University of London; University College London
摘要：This article analyzes the impact of five major expansions in maternity leave coverage in Germany on mothers' labor market outcomes after childbirth. To identify the causal impact of the reforms, we use a difference-in-difference design that compares labor market outcomes of mothers who give birth shortly before and shortly after a change in maternity leave legislation in years of policy changes and years when no changes have taken place. Each expansion in leave coverage reduced mothers' postbi...
-
作者：Biewen, Martin; Fitzenberger, Bernd; Osikominu, Aderonke; Paul, Marie
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; University of Freiburg; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); University Hohenheim; University of Duisburg Essen
摘要：This article revisits the effectiveness of public-sponsored training programs for Germany accounting for dynamic selection into heterogeneous programs. We carefully assess to what extent various aspects of our empirical strategy, such as conditioning flexibly on employment and benefit histories, the availability of rich data, handling of later program participations, and further methodological choices affect our estimates. Our results imply pronounced negative lock-in effects in the short run ...
-
作者：Lyle, David S.; Smith, John Z.
作者单位：United States Military Academy; United States Department of Defense; United States Army
摘要：Military assignment mechanisms provide a unique opportunity to estimate the impact of high-performing mentors on job advancement of their subordinates. Combining US Army administrative data with officer evaluation reports, we find that high-performing mentors positively affect early junior officer promotion and that early promotion probabilities rise as the duration of the high-quality mentorship increases. These effects are largest for high-ability proteegees. Junior officers who were exposed...
-
作者：Jepsen, Christopher; Troske, Kenneth; Coomes, Paul
作者单位：University College Dublin; University of Kentucky; University of Louisville
摘要：This article provides one of the first rigorous estimations of the labor-market returns to community college certificates and diplomas, as well as estimations of the returns to the more commonly studied associate''s degrees. Using administrative data from Kentucky, we estimate panel-data models that control for differences among students in precollege earnings and educational aspirations. Associate''s degrees and diplomas have quarterly earnings returns of nearly $$2,400 for women and $$1,500 ...
-
作者：Larkin, Ian
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：This article investigates the pricing distortions that arise from the use of a common nonlinear incentive scheme at a leading enterprise software vendor. The empirical results demonstrate that salespeople are adept at gaming the timing of deal closure to take advantage of the vendor''s accelerating commission scheme. Specifically, salespeople agree to significantly lower pricing in quarters in which they have a financial incentive to close a deal, resulting in mispricing that costs the vendor ...
-
作者：Castex, Gonzalo; Dechter, Evgenia Kogan
作者单位：Central Bank of Chile; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：This study examines changes in returns to formal education and cognitive skills over the past 20 years using the 1979 and 1997 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. We show that cognitive skills had a 30%-50% larger effect on wages in the 1980s than in the 2000s. Returns to education were higher in the 2000s. These developments are not explained by changing distributions of workers' observable characteristics or by changing labor market structure. We show that the decline in retu...
-
作者：Jackson, C. Kirabo
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Unlike in elementary school, high school teacher effects may be confounded with both selection to tracks and track-level treatments. I document confounding track effects and show that traditional tests for the existence of teacher effects are biased. After accounting for biases, high school algebra and English teachers have smaller test score effects than found in previous studies and value-added estimates are weak predictors of teachers' future performance. Results indicate that either (a) te...
-
作者：Fevang, Elisabeth; Markussen, Simen; Roed, Knut
摘要：In most countries, employers are financially responsible for sick pay during an initial period of a worker''s absence spell, after which the public insurance system covers the bill. Based on an empirical evaluation of a quasi-natural experiment in Norway, where pay liability was removed for pregnancy-related absences, we show that the system of short-term pay liability creates a sick pay trap: firms are discouraged from letting long-term sick workers back into work since they then face the fin...
-
作者：Zivin, Joshua Graff; Neidell, Matthew
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：We estimate the impacts of temperature on time allocation by exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in temperature over time within counties. Temperature increases at the higher end of the distribution reduce hours worked in industries with high exposure to climate and reduce time allocated to outdoor leisure for the nonemployed, with this time reallocated to indoor leisure. At the lower end of the distribution, time allocated to labor is nonresponsive to temperature increases, but outdoor l...
