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作者：Brulhart, Marius; Desmet, Klaus; Klinke, Gian-Paolo
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Southern Methodist University; Southern Methodist University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：How does a country's economic geography evolve along the development path? This paper documents recent employment growth in 18,961 regions in eight of the world's main economies. Overall, market potential is losing importance as a correlate of local growth, while local employment density is gaining importance. In mature economies, growth is strongest in low-market-potential areas. In emerging economies, the opposite is true, though the association with market potential is also weakening there....
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作者：Imelda
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：Dirty cooking fuels are a significant source of indoor air pollution in developing countries, resulting in millions of premature deaths. This paper investigates the health impacts of household access to cleaner fuel using a nationwide fuel-switching program, the largest household energy transition project ever attempted in the developing world, affecting more than 50 million homes in Indonesia. This program focused on replacing a dirty cooking fuel (kerosene) with a cleaner one (liquid petrole...
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作者：Bird, Julia; Lebrand, Mathilde; Venables, Anthony J.
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Oxford; Monash University
摘要：This paper develops a computable spatial equilibrium model of Central Asia and uses it to analyze the possible effects of the Belt and Road Initiative on the economy of the region. The model captures international and subnational economic units and their connectivity to each other and the rest of the world. Aggregate real income gains from the Belt Road Initiative range from less than 2 percent of regional income if adjustment mechanisms take the form of conventional Armington and monopolistic...
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作者：Cuesta, Jose Ignacio; Gonzalez, Felipe; Philippi, Cristian Larroulet
作者单位：Stanford University; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University of Cambridge
摘要：Information plays a key role in markets with consumer choice. In education, data on schools is often gathered through standardized testing. However, the use of these tests has been controversial because of distortions in the metric itself. We study the Chilean educational market and document that low-performing students are underrepresented in test days, generating distortions in school quality information. These distorted quality signals affect parents' school choice and induce misallocation ...
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作者：Edmonds, Eric; Theoharides, Caroline
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Amherst College
摘要：Productive asset grants have become an important tool in efforts to push the very poor out of poverty, but they require labor to convert the asset into income. Using a clustered randomized trial, we evaluate the impact of a key component of the Government of Philippines' child labor elimination program, a $518 productive asset grant directed at families with child laborers. We find that households rely upon family members for the labor to work the asset. Adolescent labor is the most available ...
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作者：Lall, Somik, V; Lebrand, Mathilde
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper examines how cities and regions within countries adjust to trade openness and improved connectivity driven by large transport investments from China's Belt and Road Initiative. The paper presents a general equilibrium model alongside spatially detailed information on the location of people, economic activity, and transport costs in Central Asia and China. The model builds on Fajgelbaum and Redding (2018) adding restrictions on internal mobility. We use this framework to identify whi...
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作者：Oto-Peralias, Daniel
作者单位：Universidad Pablo de Olavide
摘要：This paper investigates the potential of frontiers to shape the economic geography of countries. I focus on the case of Spain to explore how historical frontier warfare affects the colonization of the territory and the distribution of the population across the space. Exploiting a spatial discontinuity in military insecurity during the Christian colonization of central Spain in the Middle Ages, my findings suggest that medieval frontier warfare heavily conditioned the settlement of the territor...
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作者：Bonilla Mejia, Leonardo
作者单位：Banco de la Republica Colombia
摘要：I estimate the local effects of gold mining on human capital accumulation in contexts where small-scale and illegal mining is prevalent. Evidence is based on high-resolution imagery of gold mining and rich administrative data from Colombia. I exploit the exogeneity of international prices and gold deposits to identify causal effects. Results indicate that mining increases enrollment in primary school and reduces dropout rates throughout the school cycle. However, it also reduces standardized t...
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作者：Jung, Yeonha
作者单位：Korea Development Institute (KDI)
摘要：This paper examines the long-run impact of cotton agriculture on local development in the US South, focusing on a novel aspect of structural change. Exploiting climate-based variation in cotton production, I show that cotton specialization in the late 19th century had a negative impact on local development that lasts through 2010. This negative relationship, however, only became evident in the second half of the 20th century. I argue that the change was caused by the mechanization of cotton pr...
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作者：Burzynski, Michal; Deuster, Christoph; Docquier, Frederic
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：This paper analyzes the factors underlying the evolution of the worldwide distribution of skills and their implications for global inequality. We develop and parameterize a two-sector, two-class, world economy model that endogenizes education and mobility decisions, population growth, and income disparities across and within countries. First, our static experiments reveal that the geography of skills matters for global inequality. Low access to education and sectoral misallocation of skills su...
