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作者：BenYishay, Ariel; Jones, Maria; Kondylis, Florence; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq
作者单位：William & Mary; Yale University; Deakin University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Even with comparable innate ability and performance, women may be subject to discrimination. We run a field experiment across 143 Malawian villages in which either men or women were assigned the task of learning about a new agricultural technology, and then communicating it to others to convince them to adopt. Objective measures of these communicators' knowledge and adoption of the new technology show no gender gap in their ability to acquire, retain and use the information. Yet, micro-data on...
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作者：Desmet, Klaus; Gomes, Joseph Flavlan; Ortuno-Ortin, Ignacio
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Southern Methodist University; Southern Methodist University; Universite Catholique Louvain; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：This paper analyzes the importance of local interaction between individuals of different ethnolinguistic groups for the provision of public goods at the national level. The conceptual framework we develop suggests that a country's public goods (i) decrease in its overall ethnolinguistic fractionalization, and (ii) either increase or decrease in its local-global ethnolinguistic complementarity, a measure of how local interaction affects antagonism towards other groups in the society at large. A...
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作者：Gafaro, Margarita; Mantilla, Cesar
作者单位：Universidad del Rosario
摘要：We design a framed bargaining experiment to explore how farmers allocate inherited land. In the experiment, two players with heterogeneous productivity inherit a land plot yielding a risky production, and some tokens to bargain over a land allocation. We conduct this experiment in Colombia with 256 participants from rural municipalities and 120 undergraduate students. Although the efficient, the non-cooperative, and the cooperative solutions of this game predict that the most productive player...
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作者：Liu, Xuepeng; Mattoo, Aaditya; Wang, Zhi; Wei, Shang-Jin
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Kennesaw State University; The World Bank; University of International Business & Economics; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Most manufacturing activities use inputs from the financial and business services sectors. But these services sectors also compete for resources with manufacturing activities, provoking concerns about deindustrialization attributable to financial services in developed countries like the United States and United Kingdom, and business services in developing countries like India and the Philippines. This paper examines the implications of services development for the export performance of manufac...
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作者：Milusheva, Sveta
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：While human mobility has important benefits for economic growth, it can generate negative externalities. This paper studies the effect of mobility on the spread of disease in a low-incidence setting when people do not internalize their risks to others. Using malaria as a case study and 15 billion mobile phone records across nine million SIM cards, this paper quantifies the relationship between travel and the spread of disease. The estimates indicate that an infected traveler contributes to 1.6...
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作者：Hirata, Guilherme; Soares, Rodrigo R.
作者单位：Insper; Columbia University
摘要：We look at the natural experiment represented by the Brazilian trade liberalization from the early 1990s to study the effect of increased competition in the market for final goods on the racial wage gap. We focus on local labor markets as the unit of analysis and use the initial structure of employment to calculate the relevant tariff reduction from the perspective of each local labor market. We show that the conditional racial wage gap fell more between 1991 and 2000 in regions associated wit...
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作者：Weinberger, Ariel
作者单位：George Washington University
摘要：In a setting with firms that charge variable markups, this paper finds that firm heterogeneity has welfare implications that result exclusively from the differential markup adjustment to global shocks. Changes in allocative efficiency are summarized by a sufficient statistic that can be directly measured with aggregate data. I use Chilean data between 1995 and 2007 to show that exchange rate shocks can be an important driver of allocative efficiency, as there are large changes in misallocation...
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作者：Bai, Chong-En; Liu, Qing; Yao, Wen
作者单位：Tsinghua University
摘要：Wages have been distributed increasingly unequally over the past decades for most countries. While policymakers have tried different methods to stop the earnings inequality from widening, the effects have been minimal. In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism through which a preferential lending policy reduces the earnings inequality, inspired by the case of China. As most countries have, China has experienced increasing earnings inequality over the past decades; however, the inequality sta...
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作者：Gunnsteinsson, Snaebjorn
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：I study asymmetric information in crop insurance in the Philippines using a two-level randomized field experiment and incentivized preference elicitation. In this first experimental study of moral hazard in non-health insurance, preventable damages double on randomly insured plots among farmers with high trust in the insurance provider. Farmers prefer insurance on plots that are at risk of floods and crop diseases, a sign of classic adverse selection, and plots that are far away from home, a s...
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作者：Da Mata, Daniel; Resende, Guilherme
作者单位：Instituto de Pesquisa Economica Aplicada (IPEA)
摘要：We exploit plausibly exogenous variation in credit policy to study the real effects of credit. Producers in the semiarid, Brazil's poorest and driest region, are eligible to apply for subsidized, abundant credit provided by a state-owned bank. Based on objective climate criteria, the federal government added new localities to the Brazilian semiarid. We show that the state-owned bank increased risky loans in the added localities in accordance with legislation, but we find neither a crowding-out...
