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作者：Arora, A; Fosfuri, A; Gambardella, A
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna; University of Pisa
摘要：in this paper we study how the development of specialized upstream technology suppliers in leading countries improves technology access and lowers investment casts far downstream firms in follower countries. We test this idea using a novel database covering all investments in chemical plants in less developed countries (LDCs) during the 1980s. We find that investments in chemical plants in the LDCs are greater, the greater is the number of technology suppliers that operate in the first world, ...
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作者：Adam, CS; Bevan, DL; Chambas, G
作者单位：University of Oxford; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
摘要：It has been argued that the institutions of the CFA Franc zone may have reduced inflation but that they also induced misalignment of the real exchange rate and that this is the explanation for their dismal revenue performance. This paper uses a panel of 22 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to estimate revenue performance over the period from 1980 to 1996. It finds that the poor cumulative relative revenue performance of the Franc zone countries is mainly attributable to differences in environmen...
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作者：Grether, JM; de Melo, J; Olarreaga, M
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Neuchatel; University of Geneva; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Using a political economy approach, we analyze the pattern of Mexican manufacturing tariff protection during the period of trade policy reforms. Between 1985 and 1990, Mexico experienced both important inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) and a significant trade liberalization. The approach incorporates the effects of FDI lobbying on tariff formation. Results support the proposed approach in which the presence of FDI has a strong influence on the determination of the pattern of protectio...
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作者：Hansen, H; Tarp, F
作者单位：University of Copenhagen
摘要：This paper examines the relationship between foreign aid and growth in real GDP per capita as it emerges from simple augmentations of popular cross-country growth specifications. It is shown that aid in all likelihood increases the growth rate, and this result is not conditional on 'good' policy. There are, however, decreasing returns to aid, and the estimated effectiveness of aid is highly sensitive to the choice of estimator and the set of control variables. When investment and human capital...
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作者：Swamy, A; Knack, S; Lee, Y; Azfar, O
作者单位：Williams College; The World Bank; Korea Development Institute (KDI); University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Using several independent data sets, we investigate the relationship between gender and corruption. We show using micro-data that women are less involved in bribery, and are less likely to condone bribe-taking. Cross-country data show that corruption is less severe where women hold a larger share of parliamentary seats and senior positions in the government bureaucracy, and comprise a larger share of the labor force. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: K42, ...
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作者：Michael, MS; Hatzipanayotou, P
作者单位：University of Cyprus; Athens University of Economics & Business
摘要：We construct a general equilibrium trade model of a two-class small open host or source country. When consumption tax revenue finances the provision of a public good, marginal migration reduces social welfare in the source country and raises it in the host. When consumption tax revenue is equally distributed among domestic households in each country, then migration has an ambiguous impact on social welfare in either country. When tariff revenue in either country is either equally distributed a...
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作者：Hsieh, CT
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：This paper presents a model of intentional industrial innovation that features the endogenous obsolescence of existing capital goods as a result of the introduction of new capital goods of higher quality. In contrast to existin models of endogenous obsolescence, the introduction of new capital goods in this model does not immediately result in the displacement of older capital goods. Instead, many old capital goods remain in use, albeit less intensively than the newer machines. In addition, si...
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作者：Block, SA
作者单位：Tufts University
摘要：This paper extends the analysis of African economic growth in two directions: first by challenging the assumption that growth effects of particular explanatory variables are the same in Africa as elsewhere; and second, by measuring indirect contributions to growth of initial conditions as they influence explanatory variables in a basic growth regression. Robust regression analysis shows that for Africa, being closed to trade is more costly to growth, natural resource abundance is more detrimen...
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作者：Chakraborty, BS
作者单位：Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata
摘要：Capital inflow is generally immiserizing when the capital intensive import competing sector is tariff protected and profits are repatriated in full. In this paper, we construct a model with increasing returns, embedded in a monopolistically competitive market to show that capital inflow might lead to higher factor income and interestingly enough, growth of import competing sector might lead to still higher imports. Thus, two distinct possible channels are identified through which welfare might...
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作者：Dessy, SE; Pallage, S
作者单位：Laval University; Laval University; University of Quebec; University of Quebec Montreal; University of Quebec; University of Quebec Montreal
摘要：In this note, we show that a technology-based coordination failure may explain the emergence of laws restricting child labor. Child labor may arise because of the lack of a coordination mechanism between parental decisions to invest in the human capital of their children and firms' decisions to invest in skill-biased technologies. Legislative intervention in many cases helps coordinate expectations towards a Pareto-superior outcome with investments both in human capital and in skill-biased tec...
