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作者：Chui, M; Levine, P; Pearlman, J
作者单位：Bank of England; University of Surrey; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; London Metropolitan University
摘要：The paper examines the welfare gains from North-South trade and their distribution. We construct an endogenous growth North-South model with four Southern stages of development as possible equilibria: specialisation in a traditional good; the South, in addition, copies Northern high-tech manufactured goods; the South begins to innovate in its own right; and finally, a stage in which the South only innovates, as in the North. We use this model to show that dynamic gains from trade and from Sout...
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作者：Ranjan, P
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：This paper develops an overlapping generations general equilibrium model where inefficient child labor arises due to credit constraints. It derives a positive relationship between inequality in the distribution of income and the incidence of child labor. Looking at policy implications, it shows how trade sanctions against countries using child labor may fail to reduce the incidence of child labor. It discusses some alternative policies to reduce the incidence of child labor. (C) 2001 Elsevier ...
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作者：Frankel, JA; Fajnzylber, E; Schmukler, SL; Servén, L
作者单位：The World Bank; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Credibility and transparency are at the core of the current debate on exchange rate regimes. Among the reasons why intermediate regimes have fallen out of favor, a possibly important one is that they are not transparent: it is difficult to verify them. This paper investigates how difficult it is for investors to verify from observable data if the authorities are in fact following the exchange rate regime that they claim to be following. Of the various intermediate regimes, we focus on the case...
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作者：Birchenall, JA
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Colombian income distribution has followed a clear path during the last two decades: in the second half of the 1970s, human capital accumulation reduced the dispersion of income distribution, and lead to a period of stagnation between 1983 and 1990, when mobility declined. After the structural reforms (a skill-bias technological change), the wage differential for skilled workers increased inequality by a polarization in the bi-modal distribution of income. These topics are discussed in the pap...
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作者：Hussein, KA; de Mello, LR Jr
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University of Kent
摘要：This paper develops a simple model of foreign debt portfolio management. The model suggests that, under mild conditions, the currency composition of a country's foreign debt portfolio is responsive to exchange rate movements. Empirical evidence is provided for a panel of 14 emerging economies in the period 1970-1998. Attention is focused on the stocks of foreign liabilities denominated in US dollars, Deutschemarks (DM), Japanese yen, and Swiss francs. The results of the empirical analysis show...
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作者：Eicher, TS; García-Peñalosa, C
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：To examine how human capital accumulation influences both economic growth and income inequality, we carefully endogenize the demand and supply of skills. We explicitly introduce the costs and externalities in education, and examine how both relate to learning-by-doing and R&D intensity. In addition, we endogenize the determinants of the skill-bias of labor demand: the complementarity between technology and skilled and unskilled labor. Our results identify parameters that are central to the evo...
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作者：Traca, DA
作者单位：INSEAD Business School
摘要：This paper shows that, when compared to tariffs, quantitative restrictions (QRs) have a negative effect on innovation and productivity growth. First, QRs lead to stagnation in the steady state, in the absence of domestic competition, while tariffs allow for positive steady-state growth. Second, the replacement of a QR by a tariff equivalent leads to an increase in the short run incentives to innovation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Beine, M; Docquier, F; Rapoport, H
作者单位：Bar Ilan University; Universite de Lille; Bar Ilan University
摘要：We focus on the impact of migration prospects on human capital formation and growth in a small, open developing economy. We assume that agents are heterogeneous in skills and take their educational decisions in a context of uncertainty regarding future migrations. We distinguish two growth effects: an ex ante brain effect (migration prospects foster investments in education because of higher returns abroad), and an ex post drain effect (because of actual migration flows). The case for a benefi...
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作者：Shively, GE
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：This paper studies the impact of poverty and uninsured consumption risk on incentives to invest in soil conservation. A stochastic dynamic model is used to show how consumption risks and costs of investment influence incentives to adopt soil conservation measures on low-income farms. The model is calibrated using production data from hillside farms in the Philippines. Simulations with the model demonstrate how the value of soil conservation depends on the cost of investing, the risk characteri...
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作者：Harris, RG; Schmitt, N
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：The paper examines discretionary and strategic foreign direct investment (FDI) incentives in the export sector relative to a non-interventionist policy. The analysis is based on a two-country model with both countries seeking to attract FDI. Countries differ in cost levels and in their levels of tariff protection on intermediate inputs. A shift in the trade policy regime toward the strategic promotion of exports results in a decrease in FDI allocated to the low-cost country when it has a low l...
