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作者：Bertinelli, Luisito; Coemertpay, Rana; Maystadt, Jean-Francois
作者单位：University of Luxembourg; Universite Catholique Louvain; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Lancaster University
摘要：This study explores how forced migration affects ethnic diversity and conflict in 23 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2005 to 2016. Using UNHCR data on refugee camp locations, we predict changes in local ethnic diversity. By integrating Afrobarometer and Ethnic Power Relations-Ethnicity of Refugees datasets, we analyse the link between refugee-induced diversity and conflict occurrence. Findings indicate that refugee-induced polarization increases the risk of local violence, while fractionali...
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作者：Decerf, Benoit; Ferrando, Mery; Quinn, Natalie Nairi
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Namur; Tilburg University; University of Oxford
摘要：There is growing support for monitoring global poverty using a measure that accounts for both own and relative income. We show how-in the context of heterogeneous preferences over these factors-the wellknown conflict between fairness and welfare-consistency can be resolved, providing the first preference-based foundation for both the established societal global poverty line and the recently proposed hierarchical poverty indices. We reformulate one hierarchical index as a modified headcount rat...
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作者：Sakketa, Tekalign Gutu; Maggio, Dan; Mcpeak, John
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Syracuse University
摘要：Droughts are among the leading causes of livestock mortality and conflict among pastoralist populations in East Africa. To foster climate resiliency in these populations, Index Based Livestock Insurance (IBLI) products have become popular. These products, which allow herders to hedge climate risk, often utilize remote-sensed data to trigger indemnity payouts, thus ameliorating moral hazard issues associated with standard insurance products. We study how one such program in southern Ethiopia in...
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作者：Canavire-Bacarreza, Gustavo; Puerta-Cuartas, Alejandro; Ramos, Andrey
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Banco de Espana; The World Bank
摘要：This paper examines the impact of wildfire events on poverty and the labor market in Bolivia. To this end, we match data from NASA's MODIS Collection-6 MCD64A1 burned area product with household surveys for the period 2005-2020. Similar neighboring municipalities are clustered using the max-p-region algorithm to achieve survey representativeness at granular geographical levels. The causal effects of wildfire events on poverty, household per capita income, and agricultural income are estimated ...
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作者：Duryea, Suzanne; Millan-Quijano, Jaime; Morrison, Judith; Oviedo, Yanira
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; University of Navarra
摘要：In this paper, we document de facto, implicit, and explicit racial biases within the public employment service in Colombia. By combining administrative data about job seekers and job openings with direct surveys to job counselors, including a Race Implicit Association Test, we measure different types of racial bias. We find that while job counselors do not self-report biased attitudes against Afro-descendant individuals, the majority exhibit high levels of implicit bias, which also correlates ...
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作者：Easterly, William; Pennings, Steven
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; The World Bank
摘要：Previous literature suggests that leaders matter for growth in general. This paper asks: which leaders matter? We develop a method to estimate the idiosyncratic growth contribution of individual leaders (relative to their compatriots) and, drawing on Armstrong et al. (2022), calculate its uncertainty via a robust empirical Bayes confidence internal (EBCI). We show that most intuitive estimate of a leader's contribution-the average growth rate during their tenure-is mostly useless for measuring...
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作者：Tan-Soo, Jie-Sheng; Cheng, Mingda; Chen, Shuai
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Zhejiang University
摘要：This study evaluates the labor supply implications of China's Dibao program, one of the largest means-tested cash transfer initiatives globally. Leveraging its unique payment structure, which ensures a smooth income transition at the eligibility threshold, we employ a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to identify causal effects on employment outcomes. Despite the program's design to minimize disincentives, we find that Dibao beneficiaries are 46.2 % less likely to be employed after enrollm...
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作者：Mancha, Andre
作者单位：Insper
摘要：This paper investigates the impact of monitoring and market regulation on the illicit market for stolen goods, focusing on the association between junkyards and auto theft. I explore the effects of a state-level regulation implemented in S & atilde;o Paulo in 2014, which enhanced supervision of the market for auto parts. I find an 8.11% decline in auto theft for municipalities presenting at least one junkyard specialized in auto parts compared to the control group. Additionally, I provide evid...
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作者：Suzuki, Mizuhiro
作者单位：Capital One Financial Corporation
摘要：Despite their limited resources, low-income households in developing countries spend considerably on festivals and ceremonies. How do they afford this, and how do such events affect their economic outcomes? I address these questions using a coming-of-age ceremony in Latin cultures called a quincea & ntilde;era. To overcome the endogeneity associated with ceremony timing, I exploit a unique feature of quincea & ntilde;eras that only households with a 15-year-old girl have the ceremony. With rep...
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作者：Lakdawala, Leah K.; Heredia, Diana Martinez; Vera-Cossio, Diego
作者单位：Wake Forest University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：One out of two working children worldwide works in hazardous conditions. We study the effects of a law that introduced benefits and protections for child workers and temporarily lowered the de facto legal working age from 14 to 10 in Bolivia. We employ a difference-in-discontinuity approach that exploits the variation in the law's application to different age groups. Work decreased for children under 14, whose work was newly legalized and regulated under the law, particularly in areas with a h...
