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作者：Lafave, Daniel; Peet, Evan; Thomas, Duncan
作者单位：Colby College; RAND Corporation; Duke University
摘要：The agricultural household model, in which decisions about production and consumption are made simultaneously, lies at the heart of many models of development. Empirically modelling these simultaneous choices is not straightforward. The vast majority of empirical studies assume that farm-households behave as if markets are complete: in that case decision-making simplifies to a recursive system where consumption choices can be treated as if they are made after all production decisions. Previous...
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作者：Roy, Sutirtha Sinha; van der Weide, Roy
作者单位：The World Bank; The World Bank
摘要：The last expenditure survey released by India's National Sample Survey organization dates back to 2011, which underpins the last official estimates of poverty and inequality. This paper adopts anew approach to estimate India's poverty and inequality trajectory since 2011 using a newly available household panel survey conducted by the private sector. The results suggest that (1) extreme poverty is estimated to be lower in 2019 than in 2011, with greater poverty reductions likely in rural areas,...
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作者：Poignant, Adrian
作者单位：University of Gothenburg
摘要：This paper studies the impact of electricity rationing on female employment during Tajikistan's winter energy crisis, 2009-2015. Reduced access to electricity led to a decline in female employment as women left the workforce to become homemakers. The negative employment effect is specific to women and does not appear to be driven by changes in labor demand, involuntary unemployment, labor migration or fertility patterns. However, the decline in female employment is accompanied by a lower adopt...
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作者：Ahsan, Nazmul; Emran, M. Shahe; Jiang, Hanchen; Shilpi, Forhad
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Columbia University; University of North Texas System; University of North Texas Denton; The World Bank
摘要：Many available data sets are not used for estimating intergenerational mobility owing to concerns about sample truncation bias in coresident data. Using data from Bangladesh, Chile, Ghana, India, Indonesia, and Mexico, we report the first evidence that the bias in estimated sibling correlation, a broad measure of relative mobility, is small in coresident samples (4.30%), much smaller than that in intergenerational regression coefficient (10.25%). The low bias reflects offsetting effects of sam...
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作者：Hao, Xinya; Huang, Yongying; Zhang, Lin
作者单位：City University of Hong Kong; Wuhan University; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper develops a theoretical framework and provides causal evidence explaining the rationality of government-imposed power rationing strategies during high-temperature periods in electricity systems lacking market mechanisms and price signals. By combining comprehensive panel data on Chinese firms with highresolution meteorological data, we document robust evidence that high temperatures significantly reduce both electricity usage and operational performance among firms. We then construct...
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作者：Huang, Guangbo; Liu, Chong; Xi, Tianyang; Xu, Huayu; You, Wei
作者单位：Peking University; Peking University; Peking University; Peking University
摘要：We examine the agricultural and economic impacts of China's South-North Water Diversion Project, a massive initiative that channels water from the resource-rich south to the drier north. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we find that the project increases total grain output by 8.2% and raises agricultural productivity by 4.7% in water-receiving counties. It also mitigates the adverse effects of drought shocks, leading to modest increases in local incomes. Improved water availability ...
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作者：Beuermann, Diether W.; Hoffmann, Bridget; Stampini, Marco; Vargas, David L.; Vera-Cossio, Diego
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：A key challenge for policymakers in lowand middle-income countries is to design a method to select beneficiaries of social programs when income is unobservable and volatile. We use a unique panel dataset of a random sample of households in Colombia's social registry that contains information before, during, and after the 2020 economic crisis to evaluate a traditional static proxy-means test (PMT) and three policy-relevant alternatives. We consider targeting metrics and social welfare under dif...
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作者：Luo, Wei; Tang, Lixin; Yang, Yaxin; Zou, Xianqiang
作者单位：University of Jinan; University of Jinan; Renmin University of China
摘要：Industrial robots can improve workplace safety by performing hazardous tasks on behalf of workers. This paper examines the impact of industrial robots on workplace safety in China. We find that a one-standard-deviation increase in robot exposure reduces annual workplace accidents and fatalities by 0.100 and 0.0133 cases per thousand population, compared to sample averages of 0.122 accidents and 0.0351 fatalities. These findings are robust to an instrumental variable strategy and various robust...
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作者：Asad, Sher Afghan; Ahmad, Husnain Fateh; Majid, Hadia
作者单位：Lahore University of Management Sciences; Trinity University
摘要：We investigate gender discrimination in an online marketplace in Pakistan. Employing buyer profiles that signal gender, we experimentally engage in transactions with sellers on the platform. We find no evidence of discrimination in pricing or product quality, suggesting that digital marketplaces may neutralize traditional economic biases. However, significant gender differences persist in non-price interactions. Female buyers are significantly more likely to receive unsolicited messages and fr...
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作者：Iyer, Lakshmi; Weir, Coleson
作者单位：University of Notre Dame
摘要：Using updated data, we analyze the long-run effects of two British colonial institutions established in India. Iyer (2010) showed that areas under direct colonial rule had fewer schools, health centers, and roads than areas under indirect colonial rule. Two decades later, we find that these differences have been eliminated, and that the gaps in poverty, health and educational attainment are also smaller. Banerjee and Iyer (2005) found lower agricultural investments and productivity in areas wi...
