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作者：Moya, Andres
作者单位：Universidad de los Andes (Colombia)
摘要：Traumatic experiences can alter individuals' behavior and deplete their ability to make economic decisions. In this article, I analyze the effects of violence on risk attitudes. For this purpose, I sampled a group of victims of violence in Colombia and collected data on the severity and temporal proximity of their exposure to violence and on their symptoms of psychological trauma. I find that more severe violence brings about higher levels of risk aversion in the gains and ambiguity domains bu...
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作者：Wang, Xuebo; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：The quantity-quality tradeoff theory implies that a reduction in fertility would induce more human capital investment per child, and it is widely believed that population control policy could promote human capital levels in developing countries. China's one-child policy (OCP) has significantly reduced the fertility in the country, and popular belief holds that this policy has contributed to the enhancement in China's human capital since 1979. However, the quantity-quality tradeoff dose not pre...
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作者：Civelli, Andrea; Horowitz, Andrew; Teixeira, Arilton
作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville
摘要：We develop a measurement strategy for the impact of foreign aid based on a regional spatial panel vector-autoregressive model (Sp P-VAR). We illustrate the strategy using Ugandan districts. Data for the regional units (ADM2) is assembled combining satellite sources for socio-economic activity, geo-located aid disbursements, and traditional household surveys. We find statistically significant positive and persistent effects of aid shocks on nighttime luminosity. Mapping nightlights to economic ...
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作者：Walther, Selma
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：This paper proposes a novel test of productive efficiency in the household that also allows a test of noncooperative decision making. I extend the collective model (Chiappori 1988, 1997) to allow labor choices to affect future bargaining power by raising the value of outside options. Even if household consumption sharing is efficient, labor choices are no longer efficient. Using data on Malawi, where there is predetermined variation in land rights that determine outside options in marriage, I ...
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作者：Fan, Haichao; Lin, Faqin; Tang, Lixin
作者单位：Fudan University; Central University of Finance & Economics; Jinan University; Shanghai Institute of International Finance & Economics
摘要：We construct a comprehensive manufacturing firm-level dataset to study the effects of minimum wage increase in China on firms' probability of conducting outward foreign direct investment (outward FDI). Our baseline results show that the increase in minimum wage can explain about 32.3% of the growth in outward FDI from China over 2001-2012. We use three different strategies to address potential endogeneity concerns. First, we control for a number of local macroeconomic variables. Second, to rul...
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作者：Beck, Thorsten; Pamuk, Haki; Ramrattan, Ravindra; Uras, Burak R.
作者单位：City St Georges, University of London; Universiti Malaya; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Wageningen University & Research; Tilburg University; Tilburg University
摘要：This paper studies the effects of a payment technology innovation (mobile money) on entrepreneurship and economic development in a quantitative dynamic general equilibrium model. In the model mobile money dominates fiat money as a medium of exchange, since it avoids the risk of theft, but comes with electronic transaction costs. We show that entrepreneurs with higher productivity and access to trade credit are more likely to adopt mobile money as a payment instrument vis-a-vis suppliers. Calib...
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作者：Qiu, Qihua; Sung, Jaesang; Davis, Will; Tchernis, Rusty
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We propose a Bayesian factor analysis model as an alternative to the Human Development Index (HDI). Our model provides methodology which can either augment or build additional indices. In addition to addressing potential issues of the HDI, we estimate human development with three auxiliary variables capturing environmental health and sustainability, income inequality, and satellite observed nightlight. We also use our method to build a Millennium Development Goals (MDG) index as an example of ...
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作者：Gregg, Matthew T.
作者单位：Roger Williams University
摘要：This paper explores some long-standing questions of the legacy of American Indian boarding schools by comparing contemporary Indian reservations that experienced differing impacts in the past from boarding schools. Combining recent reservation-level census data and school enrollment data from 1911 to 1932, I find that reservations that sent a larger share of students to off-reservation boarding schools have higher high school graduation rates, higher per capita income, lower poverty rates, a g...
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作者：Stark, Oded; Zawojska, Ewa; Kohler, Wilhelm; Szczygielski, Krzysztof
作者单位：University of Bonn; University of Warsaw; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
摘要：Acknowledging individuals' distaste for low relative income renders trade less appealing when trade is viewed as a technology that integrates economies by merging separate social spheres into one. We define a trembling trade as a situation in which gains from trade are overtaken by losses of relative income, with the result that global social welfare is reduced. A constructive example reveals that a trembling trade can arise even when trade is doubly gainful in that it increases the income of ...
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作者：Emerick, Kyle
作者单位：Tufts University
摘要：This paper presents evidence of trading frictions in rural Indian villages. I first introduced a new seed variety to a random subset of farmers in 82 villages. I then allowed the new variety to diffuse through farmer-to-farmer trading in a random half of villages. This mode of exchange is compared with demand that was approximated by selling the same seeds directly to farmers in the other half of villages. I find that direct trading between farmers leads to substantial under-adoption when comp...
