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作者：Bigio, Saki; Kanzig, Diego R.; Sanchez, Pablo; Walsh, Conor
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Northwestern University; Columbia University
摘要：Despite broad acceptance among economists, carbon taxes face persistent public resistance. We measure the sources and distribution of welfare losses from unexpected European carbon price changes by estimating their impact on consumer prices, labour income, financial wealth and government transfers. A 1% carbon-policy-induced increase in energy prices leads to an average welfare loss of about 0.5% of a household's three-year consumption, primarily driven by indirect labour-income effects. Young...
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作者：Arduini, Tiziano; Bisin, Alberto; Ozgur, Onur; Patacchini, Eleonora
作者单位：New York University
摘要：We introduce the study of dynamic, forward-looking equilibrium choices in environments characterised by social interactions. Agents' preferences capture inter-temporal links-such as habits and addictions-as well as attitudes to conform to a social reference group. We characterise equilibrium behaviour as a system of linear non-stationary Markovian policy rules, for each individual and in each time period. We then derive conditions for the identification of the parameters of the dynamic social ...
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作者：Bartling, Bjorn; Valero, Vanessa; Weber, Roberto A.
作者单位：University of Zurich; IMT - Institut Mines-Telecom; Institut Mines-Telecom Business School
摘要：We investigate the relationship between consumers' incomes and socially responsible consumption that mitigates negative externalities. We conduct laboratory and online market experiments in which firms and consumers can exchange products that differ in the degree to which they diminish negative external impacts at the expense of higher production costs. Our treatments exogenously vary consumers' incomes. Across all three experiments, higher income causes an increase in the quantity of socially...
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作者：Capra, Monica; Tasoff, Joshua; Xu, Jin
作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Claremont Graduate University
摘要：People face a fundamental trade-off between savouring consumption in the present and processing information. Both require attention, which is limited. As a result, directing attention to one necessarily comes at the expense of the other. We study this attentional opportunity cost, focusing on cases where information concerns potentially distressing future outcomes. Across four experiments, we find that higher present consumption reduces demand for such information and increases willingness to ...
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作者：Goux, Dominique; Maurin, Eric
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Paris School of Economics; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We explore the consequences of the development of home working for wages, hours worked and employee health in the post-COVID era. We base our research strategy on a French law passed in 2017 to encourage telework agreements between employers and employees. In the months following the law, many establishments signed telework agreements, and we show that this subsequently led to a much greater development of home working in these establishments after the epidemic shock in 2020. This increase was...
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作者：Wallskog, Melanie; Bloom, Nicholas; Ohlmacher, Scott; Tello-Trillo, Cristina
作者单位：Duke University; Stanford University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：Using confidential Census data, we find that aggressive performance pay practices and productivity growth have combined to increase US inequality. Employees at more productive firms earn higher pay at all earnings levels; similarly, when a firm becomes more productive, pay increases across its workforce. Importantly, however, these pay-productivity relationships strengthen with seniority: within a firm, the pay-productivity elasticity more than doubles from the median-paid worker (0.04) to the...
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作者：Lediga, Collen; Riedel, Nadine; Strohmaier, Kristina
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum; University of Munster; University of Duisburg Essen
摘要：Taxpayer audits are key instruments to combat tax evasion. Whether they deter tax non-compliance beyond audited taxpayers is largely unclear. Drawing on rich tax administrative data for South Africa, we show that business tax audits enhance the tax reporting compliance of unaudited firms in the same neighbourhood and tax preparer network as the targeted business. On average, firms' reported tax liability increases by around 1% when a business in close proximity (located within a 100 metre radi...
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作者：Brune, Lasse; Gine, Xavier; Karlan, Dean
作者单位：Northwestern University; The World Bank; Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Although microcredit has reached millions, recent randomised evaluations find limited average business impacts. Contract rigidity, specifically the fixed and frequent instalments, may restrict moral hazard, but limit productive risk-taking, thus limiting the impact. With a Colombian lender, we experimentally compared, for a sample of new borrowers, a standard rigid loan to a more flexible loan that included three 'passes' with which borrowers could delay repayments. The flexible loan led to so...
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作者：Li, Haonan; Wang, Xuan
作者单位：Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China; Peking University
摘要：This paper investigates the causal impact of audits on tax compliance by exploiting a threshold-based VAT desk audit program in China. All firms below the VAT-to-sales ratio threshold are contacted by the tax authority and must justify their tax returns through self-audits. We estimate the audit effect using the National Tax Survey Database and a regression discontinuity design. We find that desk audits recovered a significant amount of tax revenues, and audited firms reported more output taxe...
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作者：Sevuk, Baris
作者单位：University of Bologna
摘要：Fumagalli and Motta (The Economic Journal, 2008) argued that competition among downstream buyers limits the ability of a dominant upstream firm to deter entry by a more efficient competitor. This comment demonstrates that the impact of downstream competition is, in fact, more complex. In particular, competition can motivate buyers to favour the incumbent due to a 'raising rivals' cost' effect.
