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作者：Schilling, Pia; Hockel, Lisa Sofie
作者单位：University of Konstanz; Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We study the effect of separate preparatory language learning classes on the academic outcomes of primary school-aged immigrant children in Germany compared to their direct integration into regular classrooms. Using administrative panel data and leveraging idiosyncratic assignment of refugee children to neighbourhoods, and, consequently, schools, as well as preparatory class roll out over time, we find that primary school-aged refugees attending a preparatory class perform significantly worse ...
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作者：Garcia-Brazales, Javier
作者单位：University of Exeter
摘要：Can sustained exposure to females persistently modernise gender attitudes? I study the impact of female peers on gender roles, perceived relative gender ability and gender-related behaviours up to nine years later. For this, I exploit two-decade longitudinal information on cognition, attitudes, aspirations and expectations of a close-to-nationally-representative cohort of Vietnamese primary schoolers exogenously allocated to peers. I find that being in classes with a higher share of females we...
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作者：Girard, Victoire; Molina-Millan, Teresa; Vic, Guillaume
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Universite de Orleans; Universitat d'Alacant; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM)
摘要：The livelihoods of 130 to 270 million people depend on artisanal mining. Artisanal mining is a labour-intensive, often illegal, extractive activity. We combine geological knowledge and a source of exogenous temporal variation to construct the first proxy for artisanal gold mining in Africa-the main form of artisanal mining. We establish that an increase in the potential value of artisanal mining is a significant driver of deforestation. The historical increase in the gold price accounts for 8%...
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作者：Conte, Bruno; Desmet, Klaus; Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Southern Methodist University; University of Chicago
摘要：Using a multi-sector dynamic spatial integrated assessment model, we argue that a carbon tax introduced by the European Union and rebated locally can, if not too large, increase the size of Europe's economy by concentrating economic activity in its high-productivity non-agricultural core and by incentivising immigration to the European Union. The resulting change in the spatial distribution of economic activity improves global efficiency and welfare. A carbon tax introduced by the United State...
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作者：Angerer, Silvia; Glatzle-Rutzler, Daniela; Mimra, Wanda; Rittmannsberger, Thomas; Waibel, Christian
作者单位：University of Innsbruck; heSam Universite; ESCP Business School; Technical University of Munich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：In this paper, we experimentally investigate the effect of public consumer ratings on market outcomes in credence goods markets. Unlike search or experience goods, consumers cannot evaluate all dimensions of trade for credence goods, which may inhibit the information and reputation-building value of public rating systems. We implement a market in which experts have an informational advantage over consumers with respect to the appropriate service level. The rating system takes the form of a fiv...
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作者：Storesletten, Kjetil; Zhao, Bo; Zilibotti, Fabrizio
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Peking University
摘要：We document that business-cycle dynamics change systematically over the course of development. In countries with large but shrinking agricultural sectors, aggregate employment is uncorrelated with GDP, and agricultural employment falls during booms, even as agricultural labour productivity rises. We develop a unified theory of business cycles and structural change that captures these patterns. The theory emphasises the simultaneous decline and modernisation of agriculture, driven by capital ac...
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作者：Bourany, Thomas; Rosenthal-Kay, Jordan
作者单位：Columbia University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco
摘要：To combat global warming, climate policies like carbon taxes, renewable subsidies and carbon tariffs must be implemented to phase out fossil fuel consumption and lower emissions. Who are the winners and losers of such policies? Through a simple integrated assessment model with heterogeneous countries and international trade in goods and energy, we study both the costs of implementing these policies unilaterally and the local costs and global gains of international policy cooperation. To do so,...
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作者：Berg, Petter; Romero, Mauricio; Singh, Abhijeet
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico
摘要：We study the relative productivity of private and public institutions at the preschool and primary school levels using panel data from 215 villages in Tamil Nadu. Private preschools show higher test score value-added in math and language (${\sim} 0.59 \!-\!0.74\sigma\!$) and outperform government providers in nearly all villages. This productivity difference explains 60% of the socioeconomic test score gap before school entry. These results contrast starkly with primary schooling, where we fin...
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作者：Alvarez-Palau, Eduard J.; Bogart, Dan; Satchell, Max; Shaw-Taylor, Leigh
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作者：Abebe, Girum; Caria, A. Stefano; Fafchamps, Marcel; Falco, Paolo; Franklin, Simon; Quinn, Simon; Shilpi, Forhad
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Warwick; Stanford University; University of Copenhagen; University of London; Queen Mary University London; Imperial College London; The World Bank
摘要：We evaluate the impacts of a randomised job fair intervention in which jobseekers and employers can meet at low cost. The intervention generates few hires, but it lowers participants' expectations and causes both firms and workers to invest more in search as predicted by a theoretical model; this improves employment outcomes for less educated jobseekers. Through a unique two-sided belief-elicitation survey, we confirm that firms and jobseekers have overoptimistic expectations about the market....
