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作者：Sonno, Tommaso
作者单位：University of Bologna; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Using a novel georeferenced dataset on the affiliates and headquarters of multinational enterprises between 2007 and 2018 together with georeferenced conflict data for the African continent, this work establishes a causal link between the activities of multinational enterprises and violent conflicts: multinational activity increases the number of conflicts. This particularly applies to sectors intense in scarce resources, especially land. As farming is the primary source of food and income for...
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作者：Ayerst, Stephen
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：To what extent do firm-level institutional distortions drive cross-country technology differences? I develop a quantitative model of technology adoption in which heterogeneous firms adopt technology depending on their underlying productivity and institutional environment. The institutional environment is represented by size-dependent firm-level wedges on revenues that distort firm decisions. The model is calibrated to match the US firm employment distribution and the average adoption length of...
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作者：Pathak, Prakash; Schundeln, Matthias
作者单位：University of Strathclyde; Goethe University Frankfurt
摘要：We analyse the resilience of community-based institutions to large shocks. Our case study is on forest user groups in Nepal in the aftermath of the 2015 earthquake. We combine remote sensing data with detailed administrative data on forest user groups and exploit spatial variation in the intensity of the earthquake. Using a triple difference strategy, we show that the earthquake-induced increase in deforestation is significantly lower in locations with a higher share of forest covered by fores...
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作者：Bello, Piera; Casarico, Alessandra; Nozza, Debora
作者单位：University of Bergamo; Bocconi University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Bocconi University
摘要：We investigate the extent to which research similarity between senior and junior researchers is related to promotion in academia and study implications for gender diversity among academic staff. Using data on the universe of job applications for tenure-track assistant professor positions in economics in Italy, and applying natural language processing techniques (i.e., document embeddings) to the abstract of each publication of the scholars in our dataset, we propose a novel measure of research...
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作者：Fiala, Nathan; Garcia-Hernandez, Ana; Narula, Kritika; Prakash, Nishith
作者单位：University of Connecticut; Makerere University; Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Analysis Group Inc.; Northeastern University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Motivated by the persistent barriers to girls' education-such as long travel distances and safety concerns-we evaluate the impact of a bicycle-distribution program targeting school-going girls living more than 3 km from their schools in rural Zambia. In this randomised controlled trial, we compare outcomes for girls who received bicycles against a control group. One year after the intervention, we find a 34% reduction in commute time, a 66% improvement in punctuality and a 29% decrease in abse...
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作者：Konradt, Maximilian; Mangiante, Giacomo
作者单位：Imperial College London; European Central Bank; Bank of Italy
摘要：This paper examines the economic and political effects of carbon pricing across European regions. Our main finding is that a well-identified increase in carbon prices reduces emissions, but entails economic and political costs: higher carbon prices significantly reduce output and employment while increasing vote shares for extremist and populist parties, contributing to political fragmentation. Consistent with an economic voting channel, opinion surveys reveal a more pessimistic economic outlo...
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作者：Cornelson, Kirsten
摘要：Can socialising with people who disagree with you change your opinions and reduce political polarisation? I answer this question using a shock that induces us to socialise and discuss politics with a more ideologically diverse set of people: Thanksgiving. Using a sample of American and Canadian survey respondents, I show that people converge towards their families' viewpoints in the week after Thanksgiving, and that this significantly reduces opinion polarisation. People with very left-wing fa...
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作者：Bianchi, Javier; Sosa-Padilla, Cesar
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis; University of Notre Dame; University of Cambridge
摘要：We propose a simple monetary model to investigate the implications of international financial sanctions for the pre-eminence of the US dollar in the international financial system. We show how the anticipation of financial sanctions can reduce the US dollar convenience yield and the holdings of US dollar assets. We also evaluate the implications for welfare and show that they are generally detrimental for all countries.
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作者：Forsythe, Eliza; Weinstein, Russell
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：We investigate employer recruiting behaviour, using detailed firm-level data from a national survey of employers hiring recent college graduates. We find that this behaviour is responsive to the business cycle, beliefs about labour market tightness and the intended number of hires. Specifically, employers adjust planned recruiting effort and compensation. We then show that, when firms expend greater recruiting effort, they ultimately hire more individuals per vacancy. These results suggest tha...
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作者：Amior, Michael; Manning, Alan
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：If labour markets are competitive, migration can only affect native wages via marginal products. But under imperfect competition, migration may also increase wage mark-downs-if firms have greater monopsony power over migrants than natives, but cannot perfectly wage discriminate. While marginal products depend on relative labour supplies across skill cells, mark-downs depend on migrant concentration within them. This insight can help rationalise empirical violations of canonical migration model...
