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作者：Guryan, Jonathan; Charles, Kerwin Kofi
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：We briefly review the evolution of empirical work on discrimination. We discuss why traditional regression-based approaches neither convincingly measure market discrimination nor disentangle the relative importance of animus versus statistical discrimination in explaining such discrimination as exists. We describe the development of modern correspondence studies. We argue that these studies have the promise to credibly identify the presence of discrimination if not its magnitude, can inform us...
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作者：Card, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者：Crawford, Ian; Pendakur, Krishna
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Simon Fraser University
摘要：We consider a revealed preference-based method that will bound the minimal partition of consumer microdata into a set of preference types such that the data are perfectly rationalisable by standard utility theory. This provides a simple, non-parametric and theory-driven way of investigating unobserved preference heterogeneity in empirical data, and easily extends to any choice model which has a revealed preference characterisation. We illustrate the approach using survey data and find that the...
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作者：Davies, Stephen; De, Oindrila
作者单位：University of East Anglia; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Indore
摘要：The concept of a cartel ringleader has specific legal meaning but has received relatively little attention in the economic literature of cartels. This article draws on a sample of 89 European cartels to identify how often ringleaders exist, who they are and what they do. It argues that ringleaders are more likely where the traditional cartel problems' are likely to be most acute, i.e. with larger numbers of members exhibiting substantial size asymmetries. This is confirmed for price-fixing and...
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作者：Feenstra, Robert C.; Ma, Hong; Peter Neary, J.; Rao, D. S. Prasada
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tsinghua University; University of Oxford; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of Queensland
摘要：The latest World Bank estimates of real GDP per capita for China are significantly lower than previous ones. We review possible sources of this puzzle including substitution bias in consumption, reliance on urban prices, which we estimate are higher than rural ones, and the use of an expenditure-weighted rather than an output-weighted measure of GDP. Taking all these together, we estimate that Chinese real per capita GDP was 30% higher in 2005 than the World Bank estimates. Our empirical proce...
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作者：Geay, Charlotte; McNally, Sandra; Telhaj, Shqiponja
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; University of Surrey; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Sussex
摘要：There has been an increase in the number of children going to school in England who do not speak English as a first language. We investigate whether this has an impact on the educational outcomes of native English speakers at the end of primary school. We show that the negative correlation observed in the raw data is mainly an artefact of selection: non-native speakers are more likely to attend school with disadvantaged native speakers. We attempt to identify a causal impact of changes in the ...
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作者：Biscourp, Pierre; Boutin, Xavier; Verge, Thibaud
作者单位：European Commission Joint Research Centre; Japan Science & Technology Agency (JST)
摘要：Using a unique data set merging micro-store level data with grocery markets data, this article provides an empirical analysis of a legislation that had the same effect as allowing industry-wide price floors. It shows that, after the introduction of the legislation, the link between retail prices and market concentration has significantly been weakened. Price dispersion has dropped for branded products more than for store brands and price convergence appears to have taken place across stores. T...
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作者：Leonardi, Marco; Pica, Giovanni
作者单位：University of Milan; University of Salerno; University of Salerno
摘要：This study estimates the effect of employment protection legislation on wages, exploiting the 1990 Italian reform that introduced unjust dismissal costs for firms below 15 employees. We find that the slight average wage reduction induced by the reform hides highly heterogeneous effects. Workers who change firm during the reform period suffer a drop in the entry wage, while incumbent workers are left unaffected. Also, the negative effect of the reform is stronger for young blue collars, low-wag...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio P.; Di Maro, Vincenzo; Vera-Hernandez, Marcos
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University College London; The World Bank; University of London; University College London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We use two different data sets and three different instruments to estimate the impact of a long-established pre-school nursery programme on children's nutritional status. We use variables related to cost (fee, distance to the nursery) and programme availability (capacity of the programme in the town) as instruments. One of our data sets is representative of very poor individuals living in rural areas of Colombia, while the other focuses in urban areas and includes individuals relatively less p...
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作者：Farmer, Roger E. A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article uses a rational expectations model with multiple equilibrium unemployment rates to explain financial crises. The model has equilibria where asset prices are unbounded above. I argue that this is an important feature of any rational-agent explanation of a financial crisis, since for the expansion phase of the crisis to be rational, investors must credibly believe that asset prices could keep increasing forever with positive probability. I explain the sudden crash in asset prices th...
