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作者：Collier, Paul; Vicente, Pedro C.
作者单位：University of Oxford; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：Elections are now common in low-income societies. However, they are frequently flawed. We investigate a Nigerian election marred by violence. We designed and conducted a nationwide field experiment based on anti-violence campaigning. The campaign appealed to collective action through electoral participation, and worked through town meetings, popular theatres and door-to-door distribution of materials. We find that the campaign decreased violence perceptions and increased empowerment to counter...
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作者：Gabaix, Xavier; Landier, Augustin; Sauvagnat, Julien
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：In the 'size of stakes' view quantitatively formalised in Gabaix and Landier (Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121(1):49-100, 2008), CEO compensation reflects the size of firms affected by talent in a competitive market. The years 2004-11 were not part of the initial study and offer a laboratory to examine the theory with new positive and negative shocks. Executive compensation (measured ex ante) did closely track the evolution of average firm value, supporting the 'size of stakes' view out of ...
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作者：Golsteyn, Bart H. H.; Gronqvist, Hans; Lindahl, Lena
作者单位：Maastricht University; Stockholm University
摘要：This study investigates the relationship between time preferences and lifetime social and economic outcomes. We use a Swedish longitudinal data set that links information from a large survey on children's time preferences at age 13 to administrative registers spanning over five decades. Our results indicate a substantial adverse relationship between high discount rates and school performance, health, labour supply and lifetime income. Males and high-ability children gain significantly more fro...
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作者：Comola, Margherita; Fafchamps, Marcel
作者单位：heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Paris School of Economics; University of Oxford
摘要：Empirical analysis of social networks is often based on self-reported links from survey data. How we interpret such data is crucial for drawing correct inference on network effects. We propose a method for testing whether survey responses can safely be interpreted as a link and, if so, whether links are generated by a unilateral or bilateral link formation process. We present two empirical illustrations of the test on risk-sharing links in Tanzania and on communication among Indian farmers, re...
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作者：Blundell, Richard; Crawford, Claire; Jin, Wenchao
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Warwick
摘要：As in many European countries, labour productivity in the UK has been stagnant since the start of the Great Recession. This article uses individual data on employment and wages to try to understand whether real wage flexibility can help shed light on the UK's productivity puzzle. It finds, perhaps unsurprisingly, that workforce composition cannot explain the reduction in wages and hence productivity that we observe, even compared to previous recessions; instead, real wages have fallen signific...
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作者：Pessoa, Joao Paulo; Van Reenen, John
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：UK GDP per worker fell by almost 4% in the five years following Lehman's collapse in 2008, something unprecedented in post-war history. A possible reason for poor productivity is low growth in the effective capital-labour ratio. This is likely to have occurred because there has been a fall in real wages and increases in the cost of capital due to the financial crisis. We simulate various changes in the capital-labour ratio and after accounting for these changes, the evolution of total factor p...
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作者：Croxson, Karen; Reade, J. James
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Birmingham
摘要：An efficient market incorporates news into prices immediately and fully. Tests for efficiency in financial markets have been undermined by information leakage. We test for efficiency in sports betting markets - real-world markets where news breaks remarkably cleanly. Applying a novel identification to high-frequency data, we investigate the reaction of prices to goals scored on the cusp' of half-time. This strategy allows us to separate the market's response to major news (a goal), from its re...
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作者：Markussen, Thomas; Reuben, Ernesto; Tyran, Jean-Robert
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Columbia University; University of Vienna
摘要：The ability of groups to implement efficiency-enhancing institutions is emerging as a central theme of research in economics. This study explores voting on a scheme of intergroup competition, which facilitates cooperation in a social dilemma situation. Experimental results show that the competitive scheme fosters cooperation. Competition is popular but the electoral outcome depends strongly on specific voting rules of institutional choice. If the majority decide, competition is almost always a...
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作者：Affeldt, Pauline; Filistrucchi, Lapo; Klein, Tobias J.
作者单位：University of Florence; Tilburg University
摘要：Measuring upward pricing pressure (UPP) has recently been proposed by Farrell and Shapiro (2010) as an alternative screening device for horizontal mergers. We extend the concept of UPP to two-sided markets. Examples of such markets are the newspaper market, where the demand for advertising is related to the number of readers and the market for online search, where advertising demand depends on the number of users. The formulae we derive depend on four sets of diversion ratios that can either b...
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作者：Danzer, Alexander M.
作者单位：University of Munich; Leibniz Institut fur Ost und Sudosteuropaforschung; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This study uses an unanticipated, exogenous doubling of the legal minimum pension in Ukraine as a unique quasi-experiment to evaluate the income effect on various aspects of labour supply among the elderly. In contrast to previous studies, the unusually simple pension eligibility rule allows estimating a pure causal income effect. Applying reduced form difference-in-differences and regression discontinuity as well as instrumental variable methods on two nationally representative data sets yiel...
