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作者：Ketel, Nadine; Linde, Jona; Oosterbeek, Hessel; van der Klaauw, Bas
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; University of Amsterdam
摘要：This article reports on a field experiment testing for sunk-cost effects in an education setting. Students signing up for extra-curricular tutorial sessions randomly received a discount on the tuition fee. The sunk-cost effect predicts that students who pay more will attend more tutorial sessions, with possibly beneficial effects on their performance. For our full sample, we find no support for this hypothesis, neither on attendance nor on performance. Results are consistent with a sunk-cost e...
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作者：Lendle, Andreas; Olarreaga, Marcelo; Schropp, Simon; Vezina, Pierre-Louis
作者单位：University of Birmingham; University of Geneva; University of Birmingham
摘要：We compare the effect of geographic distance on eBay and total international trade flows. We consider the same 61 countries and basket of goods for both types of transactions. We find the effect of distance to be on average 65% smaller on eBay. We argue this difference is due to a reduction in search costs; it increases with product differentiation and is higher when trade partners speak different languages, when corruption in the exporting country is high and when uncertainty avoidance is hig...
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作者：Cavalcanti, Tiago; Tavares, Jose
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Getulio Vargas Foundation; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We use a growth model in which saving, fertility and labour market participation are endogenous, to quantify the cost that barriers to female labour force participation impose in terms of an economy's output. The model is calibrated to mimic the US economy's behaviour in the long-run. We find that a 50% increase in the gender wage gap leads to a 35% decrease in income per capita in the steady state. Using independent estimates of the female to male earnings ratio for a wide cross-section of co...
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作者：Hirshleifer, Sarojini; McKenzie, David; Almeida, Rita; Ridao-Cano, Cristobal
作者单位：The World Bank; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：We use a randomised experiment to evaluate Turkey's vocational training programmes for the unemployed. A detailed follow-up survey of a large sample with low attrition enables precise estimation of treatment impacts and their heterogeneity. The average impact of training on employment is positive but close to zero and statistically insignificant, which is much lower than programme officials and applicants expected. Over the first year, training had statistically significant effects on the qual...
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作者：Butler, Jeff; Giuliano, Paola; Guiso, Luigi
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas
摘要：When we take a taxi we may feel cheated if the driver takes an unnecessarily long route despite the lack of a contract to take the shortest possible path. Is the behaviour of the driver affected by beliefs about our cheating notions? We address this question in the context of a trust game. We find that both parties to a trust exchange have personal notions of cheating and that these notions have a bimodal distribution. We conceptualise cheating notions as moral expectations, which provide a mi...
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作者：Gneezy, Uri; Leibbrandt, Andreas; List, John A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Amsterdam; Monash University; University of Chicago
摘要：The functioning and well-being of any society and organisation hinges on norms of cooperation that regulate social activities. There is no empirical evidence on how such norms emerge and in which environments they thrive remains a clear void in the literature. We compare behaviour in Brazilian fishermen societies that differ in the workplace organisation. In one society (by the sea), fishermen are forced to work in groups, whereas in the adjacent society (on a lake) fishing is inherently an in...
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作者：Akcomak, I. Semih; Webbink, Dinand; ter Weel, Bas
作者单位：CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy; Middle East Technical University; Middle East Technical University; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Maastricht University
摘要：This research establishes a link between the Brethren of the Common Life (BCL), a religious community founded by Geert Groote in Deventer in the late fourteenth century, and the early economic development of the Netherlands. The BCL stimulated human capital accumulation. The historical analyses show that the BCL contributed to the high rates of literacy, to the high level of book production and to city growth in the Netherlands. These findings are supported by a set of OLS regressions and furt...
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作者：Ambec, Stefan; Ehlers, Lars
作者单位：INRAE; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; University of Gothenburg; Universite de Montreal
摘要：We consider the problem of regulating an economy with environmental pollution. We examine the distributional impact of the polluter-pays (PP) principle which requires that any agent compensates all other agents for the damages caused by his or her (pollution) emissions. With constant marginal damages we show that regulation via the PP principle leads to the unique welfare distribution that induces non-negative individual welfare change and renders each agent responsible for his or her pollutio...
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作者：Nigai, Sergey
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：I develop a multi-country, multi-industry model of trade that features heterogeneous consumers with non-homothetic preferences. I use the model to quantify the measurement errors in the welfare gains estimates caused by the assumption of a representative consumer (ARC). First, I reduce the world level of all trade costs by 15% and find that ARC overestimates (underestimates) the gains of the poor (rich) by up to 5 (11) percentage points. Second, I eliminate import tariffs around the globe and ...
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作者：Dalgaard, Carl-Johan; Strulik, Holger
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of Gottingen
摘要：We hypothesise that the timing of the fertility transition is an important determinant of comparative physiological development. In support, we provide a model of long-run growth that elucidates the links between population size, average body size and income during development. Industrialisation is shown to be accompanied by a reduction in family size and an intensification of nutrition per child. Early transition countries are therefore expected to be more developed today, economically and ph...
