American Economic Journal: Economic Policy

最新文章

• Voter Response to Peak and End Transfers: Evidence from a Conditional Cash Transfer Experiment AI翻译
  作者：Galiani, Sebastian; Hajj, Nadya; McEwan, Patrick J.; Ibarraran, Pablo; Krishnaswamy, Nandita
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Wellesley College; Inter-American Development Bank; University of Southern California
  摘要：In a Honduran field experiment, sequences of cash transfers to poor households varied in amount of the largest (peak) and last (end) transfers. Larger peak-end transfers increased voter turnout and the incumbent party's vote share in the 2013 presidential election, independently of cumulative transfers. A plausible explanation is that voters succumbed to a common cognitive bias by applying peak-end heuristics. Another is that voters deliberately used peak-end transfers to update beliefs about ...
• Good Cop, Bad Cop: Using Civilian Allegations to Predict Police Misconduct AI翻译
  作者：Rozema, Kyle; Schanzenbach, Max
  作者单位：University of Chicago; Northwestern University
  摘要：In response to high-profile cases of police misconduct, reformers are calling for greater use of civilian allegations in identifying potential problem officers. This paper applies an Empirical Bayes framework to data on civilian allegations and civil rights litigation in Chicago to assess the predictive value of civilian allegations for serious future misconduct. We find a strong relationship between allegations and future civil rights litigation, especially for the very worst officers. The wo...
• The Long-Run Impacts of Financial Aid: Evidence from California's Cal Grant AI翻译
  作者：Bettinger, Eric; Gurantz, Oded; Kawano, Laura; Sacerdote, Bruce; Stevens, Michael
  作者单位：Stanford University; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Dartmouth College; United States Department of the Treasury
  摘要：We examine the long-term impacts of California's state-based financial aid by tracking educational and labor force outcomes for up to 14 years after high school graduation. We identify program impacts by exploiting variation in eligibility rules using GPA and family income cutoffs that are ex ante unknown to applicants. Aid eligibility increases undergraduate and graduate degree completion, and for some subgroups, raises longer-run annual earnings and the likelihood that young adults reside in...
• Public Spillovers from Private Insurance Contracting: Physician Responses to Managed Care AI翻译
  作者：Richards, Michael R.; Tello-Trillo, D. Sebastian
  作者单位：Baylor University; Baylor University; University of Virginia
  摘要：Managed care is rebounding as more emphasis is placed on cost containment. These efforts may benefit consumers but challenge providers; however, empirical evidence on how supply-side managed care influences physicians is incomplete. We leverage a quasi-experiment3 in which a commercial insurer imposed a new contract regime on behavioral health providers in response to recent policy shifts. We demonstrate spillovers in the form of negative effects on local physician supply and positive effects ...
• Snapping Back: Food Stamp Bans and Criminal Recidivism AI翻译
  作者：Tuttle, Cody
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：I estimate the effect of access to food stamps on criminal recidivism. In 1996, a federal welfare reform imposed a lifetime ban from food stamps on convicted drug felons. Florida modified this ban, restricting it to drug traffickers who commit their offense on or after August 23, 1996. I exploit this sharp cutoff in a regression discontinuity design and find that the ban increases recidivism among drug traffickers. The increase is driven by financially motivated crimes, suggesting that the cut...
• Patchwork Policies, Spillovers, and the Search for Oil and Gas AI翻译
  作者：Lewis, Eric
  摘要：The United States has a complex patchwork of mineral ownership, where rights to oil and gas may be owned by the federal government state governments, or private agents. I show why the policies imposed by one owner have theoretically ambiguous spillover effects on the drilling and production outcomes of neighboring plots of land. Exploiting a natural experiment in Wyoming with exogenous ownership assignment, I find significant spillovers: federal land close to state land has a lower probability...
• The Impact of College Diversity on Behavior toward Minorities AI翻译
  作者：Carrell, Scott E.; Hoekstra, Mark; West, James E.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Baylor University
  摘要：This paper estimates the impact of racially diverse peers on white males' subsequent behavior toward minorities. To overcome selection bias, we exploit data from the US Air Force Academy where students are randomly assigned to autonomous peer groups. A randomly assigned increase in freshman black peer ability causes white men to more frequently choose a black roommate in their sophomore year, after reassignment to a new peer group with a different set of black peers. We also find increased exp...
• Screening in Contract Design: Evidence from the ACA Health Insurance Exchanges AI翻译
  作者：Geruso, Michael; Layton, Timothy; Prinz, Daniel
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University
  摘要：We study insurers' use of prescription drug formularies to screen consumers in the ACA Health Insurance exchanges. We begin by showing that exchange risk adjustment and reinsurance succeed in neutralizing selection incentives for most, but not all, consumer types. A minority of consumers, identifiable by demand for particular classes of prescription drugs, are predictably unprofitable. We then show that contract features relating to these drugs are distorted in a manner consistent with multidi...
• Estimating the Value of Public Insurance Using Complementary Private Insurance AI翻译
  作者：Cabral, Marika; Cullen, Mark R.
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：The welfare associated with public insurance is often difficult to quantify because the demand for coverage is unobserved and thus cannot be used to analyze welfare. However, in many settings, individuals can purchase private insurance to supplement public coverage. This paper outlines an approach to use data and variation from private complementary insurance to quantify welfare associated with counterfactuals related to compulsory public insurance. We then apply this approach using administra...
• Defensive Medicine: Evidence from Military Immunity AI翻译
  作者：Frakes, Michael; Gruber, Jonathan
  作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：We estimate the extent of defensive medicine by physicians, embracing the no-liability counterfactual made possible by the structure of liability rules in the Military Health System. Active-duty patients seeking treatment from military facilities cannot sue for harms resulting from negligent care, while protections are provided to dependents treated at military facilities and to all patients active duty or not that receive care from civilian facilities. Drawing on this variation and exploiting...