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作者：Attanasio, Orazio; Kugler, Adriana; Meghir, Costas
作者单位：University of London; University College London; National Bureau of Economic Research; Georgetown University; Yale University
摘要：This paper evaluates the impact of a randomized training program for disadvantaged youth introduced in Colombia in 2005. This randomized trial offers a unique opportunity to examine the impact of training in a middle income country. We use originally collected data on individuals randomly offered and not offered training. The program raises earnings and employment for women. Women offered training earn 19.6 percent more and have a 0.068 higher probability of paid employment than those not offe...
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作者：Deaton, Angus; Dupriez, Olivier
作者单位：Princeton University; The World Bank
摘要：The global poverty count uses a common global poverty line, often referred to as the dollar-a-day line, currently $1.25 at 2005 international prices, whose construction and application depends on purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates for consumption. The price indexes that underlie the PPPs used for this purpose are constructed for purposes of national income accounting, using weights that represent patterns of aggregate consumption, not the consumption patterns of the global poor. We u...
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作者：Jacobson, Mireille; Royer, Heather
作者单位：RAND Corporation; Rand Health; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Between 1973 and 2003, abortion providers in the United States were the targets of over 300 acts of extreme violence. Using unique data on attacks and on abortions, abortion providers, and births, we examine how anti-abortion violence has affected providers' decisions to perform abortions and women's decisions about whether and where to terminate a pregnancy. We find that clinic violence reduces abortion services in targeted areas. Once travel is taken into account, however, the overall effect...
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作者：Bardhan, Pranab; Mookherjee, Dilip
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Boston University
摘要：We examine the role of delivery of subsidized seeds and fertilizers in the form of agricultural minikits by local governments in three successive farm panels in West Bengal spanning 1982-1995. These programs significantly raised farm value added per acre, accounting for almost two-thirds of the observed growth. The estimates are robust to possible endogeneity of program placement, controls for farm and year effects, other programs of agricultural development, local weather, and price shocks. T...
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作者：Jackson, C. Kirabo; Schneider, Henry S.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Cornell University
摘要：This study investigates the role of social networks in aligning the incentives of agents in settings with incomplete contracts. Specifically, the study examines the New York City taxi industry where taxis are often leased and lessee-drivers have worse driving outcomes than owner-drivers due to moral hazard. Using within-driver variation and instrumental variable strategies to remove selection, we find that drivers leasing from members of their country-of-birth community exhibit significantly r...
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作者：Abramitzky, Ran; Delavande, Adeline; Vasconcelos, Luis
作者单位：Stanford University; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; RAND Corporation; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：We assemble a novel dataset to study the impact of male scarcity on marital assortative matching and other marriage market outcomes using the large shock that WWI caused to the number of French men. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we find that postwar in regions with higher mortality rates: men were less likely to marry women of lower social classes; men were more likely and women less likely to marry; out-of-wedlock births increased; divorce rates decreased; and the age gap decrea...
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作者：Miguel, Edward; Satyanath, Shanker
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; New York University
摘要：Miguel, Satyanath, and Ernest Sergenti (2004), henceforth MSS, show that economic growth is negatively related to civil conflict in Africa, using annual rainfall variation as an IV for growth. Antonio Ciccone (2011) argues that thanks to rainfall's mean-reverting nature, rainfall levels are preferable to annual changes. We make three points. First, MSS's findings hold using rainfall levels as instruments. Second, Ciccone (2011) does not provide theoretical justification for preferring rainfall...
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作者：Cortes, Patricia; Tessada, Jose
作者单位：Boston University; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：Low-skilled immigrants represent a significant fraction of employment in services that are close substitutes of household production. This paper studies whether the increased supply of low-skilled immigrants has led high-skilled women, who have the highest opportunity cost of time, to change their time-use decisions. Exploiting cross-city variation in immigrant concentration, we find that low-skilled immigration increases average hours of market work and the probability of working long hours o...
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作者：Levitt, Steven D.; List, John A.
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The Hawthorne effect draws its name from a landmark set of studies conducted at the Hawthorne plant in the 1920s. The data from the first and most influential of these studies, the Illumination Experiment, were never formally analyzed and were thought to have been destroyed. Our research has uncovered these data. Existing descriptions of supposedly remarkable data patterns prove to be entirely fictional. We do find more subtle manifestations of possible Hawthorne effects. We also propose a new...
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作者：Galiani, Sebastian; Rossi, Martin A.; Schargrodsky, Ernesto
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Universidad de San Andres Argentina; Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
摘要：We estimate the causal effect of mandatory participation in military service on individuals' subsequent involvement in criminal activities. To identify this causal effect, we exploit the random assignment of young men to conscription in Argentina through a draft lottery. Using a dataset that includes draft eligibility, participation in military service, and criminal records, we find that conscription increases the likelihood of developing a criminal record. The effects are significant not only...
