Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• The return of stagnant slab recorded by intraplate volcanism AI翻译
  作者：Zhou, Zhong-Biao; Chen, Li-Hui; Huang, Zhou-Chuan; Hofmann, Albrecht W.; Wang, Xiao-Jun; Zeng, Gang; Bi, Ya-Jing; Zhao, Jian; Carlson, Richard
  作者单位：Nanjing University; Northwest University Xi'an; Nanjing University; Max Planck Society
  摘要：Subducted plates often stagnate in the mantle transition zone (MTZ), and the fate of the stagnant slabs is still debatable. They may sink into the lower mantle, or remain partially trapped in the MTZ, but it is uncertain whether they can return to the upper mantle. We report geochemical evidence of late-Miocene (similar to 6 Ma) basalts from, and upper mantle seismic evidence beneath Shuangyashan, an area above the slab tear of the stagnant Pacific plate in eastern Asia, to show how the slab r...
• Nonmuscle myosin 2 turnover in cells is synergistically controlled by the tail and the motor domain AI翻译
  作者：Chougule, Anil; Svitkina, Tatyana M.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Myosin 2, an actin-dependent motor, is universally responsible for cell contractility due to its ability to form bipolar filaments. Fast turnover of nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) filaments is necessary to keep up with cell motility and shape changes. The turnover mechanisms are not fully understood and differ for two main mammalian paralogs- NM2A and NM2B-whereas paralog copolymerization adds complexity to this process by enabling the intrinsically fast NM2A to dynamize the intrinsically slow NM2B....
• Oxytocin and vasopressin enhance social pain empathy via common and distinct of neural expressions, genetic pathways, and networks AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Xiaodong; Liu, Qi; Liu, Can; Wang, Ziheng; Fu, Kun; Lan, Chunmei; Xu, Ting; Zhou, Xinqi; Kendrick, Keith M.; Yao, Dezhong; Becker, Benjamin; Zhao, Weihua
  作者单位：University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; Southwest University of Science & Technology - China; Southwest University - China; Sichuan Normal University; University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; University of Hong Kong; University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
  摘要：Witnessing social distress of others evokes social pain empathy, a complex process engaging cognitive, affective, and motivational dimensions. Although hypothalamic neuropeptides oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are known to modulate social function, their respective contributions to the process of social pain empathy have not been systematically characterized. To address this, we employed a multimethod approach, combining naturalistic fMRI, functional decoding, gene expression an...
• Political and biological reality checks (vol. 122, e2515272122, 2025) AI翻译
  作者：Berenbaum, May R.
• Cryo- EM structure of the prohibitin complex in open conformation AI翻译
  作者：Hong, Sixing; Guan, Zeyuan; Zhang, Liying; Zhuang, Jinjin; Yan, Ling; Liu, Yanjun; Liu, Zhu; Wang, Qiang; Yin, Ping
  作者单位：Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Huazhong Agricultural University
  摘要：Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and Prohibitin 2 (PHB2), two conserved prohibitin members, are primarily localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane (MIM) to form a nanoscale macromolecular prohibitin complex. This prohibitin complex can facilitate the spatial organization of proteins and lipids, thus maintaining cellular metabolism and homeostasis, but its architecture remains largely unknown. Here, we report the cryo- EM structure of a prohibitin complex at 2.8 & Aring; resolution, which contains 11 P...
• 3D cryoimaging of cell- mediated cholesterol crystal clearance in human atherosclerotic lesions AI翻译
  作者：Capua-Shenkar, Jenny; Kaestner, Antonia; Rechav, Katya; Brumfeld, Vlad; Ashiri, Ifat Kaplan -; Varsano, Neta; Avinoam, Ori; Speter, Chen; Halak, Moshe; Kruth, Howard; Addadi, Lia
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Weizmann Institute of Science; Weizmann Institute of Science; Tel Aviv University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI)
  摘要：We applied micro- computed tomography, high- resolution cryo- scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with cathodoluminescence, and cryo- focused ion beam Milling- SEM to perform three- dimensional imaging of human atherosclerotic tissues with tens of nanometers resolution, under hydrated, near- native conditions with minimal sample processing. The same technology was applied to cultured macrophages exposed to cholesterol crystals, and the observations made on the macrophages were compared...
• Microglia contribute to bipolar depression through Serinc2-dependent phospholipid synthesis AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Ying-Han; Fu, Chong-Lei; Chen, Lin-Bo; Zhang, Chu-Yi; Chen, Jian- Shan; Zhang, Qiao-Ming; Liang, Yirui; Yang, Rui-Lan; Li, Yu; Zhang, Ya-Ni; Han, Yi-Nuo; Yuan, Zhen-Liang; Chen, Yi-Ni; Li, Haimei; Pan, Yanmeng; Hu, Shaohua; Li, Ming; Cao, Li-Ping; Yao, Jun
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming Institute of Zoology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming Institute of Zoology, CAS; Guangzhou Medical University; Zhejiang University
  摘要：Although clinical research has revealed microglia-related inflammatory and immune responses in bipolar disorder (BD) patient brains, it remains unclear how microglia contribute to the pathogenesis of BD. Here, we demonstrated that Serinc2 is associated with susceptibility to BD and showed a reduced expression in BDII patient plasma, which correlated with the disease severity.Using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of sporadic and familial BDII patients, we found that Serinc2 expressi...
• Circular RNA lipid nanoparticle vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 AI翻译
  作者：Swingle, Kelsey L.; Hamilton, Alex G.; Han, Xuexiang; Liao, Kuo - Chieh; Safford, Hannah C.; Thatte, Ajay S.; Geisler, Hannah C.; Xu, Junchao; Saw, Tzuen Yih; Wan, Yue; Mitchell, Michael J.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR - Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS); University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：With the advent and widespread use of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), RNA vaccines have emerged as an exciting class of vaccine offering low cost, rapid development, and high modularity and manufacturability. Protein-coding circular RNA (circRNA) is an emerging class of RNA cargo that offers increased stability compared to mRNA with potentially reduced immunogenicity, but delivery technologies for intracellular delivery of cir...
• Direct measurement of plume velocity to characterize point source emissions AI翻译
  作者：Eastwood, Michael L.; Thompson, David R.; Green, Robert O.; Fahlen, Jay E.; Adams, Taylor J.; Brandt, Adam R.; Brodrick, Philip G.; Chlus, Adam; Kort, Eric A.; Reuland, Frances; Thorpe, Andrew K.
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Stanford University
  摘要：An explosion of recent research uses remote imaging spectroscopy from aircraft and spacecraft to detect and quantify methane point source emissions. These instruments first map the methane enhancement field and then combine this information with the effective wind speed to estimate the source emission rate. This wind speed is typically the largest uncertainty in derived emission rates. It is often, by necessity, inferred from coarse-resolution meteorological reanalysis products which do not ma...
• Cellular cartography reveals mouse prostate organization and determinants of castration resistance AI翻译
  作者：Cho, Hanbyul; Zhang, Yuping; Tien, Jean C.; Mannan, Rahul; Luo, Jie; Narayanan, Sathiya Pandi; Mahapatra, Somnath; Hu, Jing; Shelley, Greg; Cruz, Gabriel; Shahine, Miriam; Wang, Lisha; Su, Fengyun; Wang, Rui; Cao, Xuhong; Dhanasekaran, Saravana Mohan; Keller, Evan T.; Pitchiaya, Sethuramasundaram; Chinnaiyan, Arul M.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Shandong University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Inadequate response to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) frequently arises in prostate cancer, driven by cellular mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here, we integrated single- cell RNA sequencing, single- cell multiomics, and spatial transcriptomics to define the transcriptional, epigenetic, and spatial basis of cell identity and castration response in the mouse prostate. Leveraging these data along with a meta- analysis of human prostates and prostate cancer (PCa), we identified cell...