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作者：O'Brien, Sophie A.; Tylianakis, Jason M.; Anderson, Dean P.; Boesing, Andrea Larissa; Lai, Hao Ran; Le Provost, Gaetane; Manning, Peter; Neyret, Margot; Bluthgen, Nico; Jung, Kirsten; Magdon, Paul; Muller, Sandra; Schenk, V. Noelle; Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael; Lavorel, Sandra
作者单位：University of Canterbury; Bioeconomy Science Institute; Landcare Research - New Zealand; University of Canterbury; Senckenberg Biodiversitat & Klima- Forschungszentrum (BiK-F); Leibniz Association; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung (SGN); INRAE; University of Bergen; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Savoie Mont Blanc; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Technical University of Darmstadt; Ulm University; HAWK University of Applied Sciences & Arts Hildesheim Holzminden Gottingen; University of Freiburg
摘要：Agricultural landscapes provide material, nonmaterial, and regulating contributions that affect human well-being (nature's contributions to people, NCP). The responses of these NCP to land-use patterns depend on supporting biota with different habitat requirements, generating trade-offs and synergies. Predictions from spatially explicit modeling of NCP trade-offs and synergies could inform land-use decisions, but these do not typically account for the effects of land-use patterns on the moveme...
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作者：Parker, Andrew J.; Alvarez, Ivan; Mancari, Alessandro; Ip, I. Betina; Krug, Kristine; Bridge, Holly
作者单位：Otto von Guericke University; University of Oxford; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Neurobiologie (LIN); University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Pisa
摘要：The population receptive field (pRF) approach to functional measurement of the sensory properties of magnetic resonance (MR)-identified locations in the human brain was extended to include the third dimension of binocular depth. In total, pRFs were extracted from nine different visual areas (V1, V2, V3, V3AB, V4, V5, V7, Ventral Occipital Cortex: VOC, Lateral Occipital Cortex: LOC) of the human cortex and, where possible, comparisons were made with electrophysiological recordings from homologo...
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作者：Zhao, Hongyun; Jiang, Juntao; Wang, Cun; Zheng, Yuan
作者单位：Northwest A&F University - China
摘要：Abscisic acid (ABA) is pivotal in seed development, yet its role in iron (Fe) homeostasis remains unclear. Here, we reveal a PYLs-bHLH IVc-YSLs module that mediates ABA-dependent suppression of seed Fe accumulation in Arabidopsis. During seed maturation, ABA receptors PYLs directly interact with bHLH34/104/115 transcription factors, blocking their binding to YSL1/3 promoters to inhibit Fe transport. Conversely, Fe deficiency triggers bHLH104/115 to repress ABA2, reducing ABA biosynthesis and P...
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作者：Pospisil, Dean A.; Pillow, Jonathan W.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Princeton University
摘要：Recent advances in large-scale recording technology have spurred inquiries into the high-dimensional geometry of the neural code. However, characterizing this geometry from noisy neural responses, particularly in datasets with more neurons than trials, poses major statistical challenges. We address this problem by developing tools for the accurate estimation of high-dimensional signal geometry. We apply these tools to investigate the geometry of representations in the mouse primary visual cort...
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作者：Falahat, Rana; Mule, James J.
作者单位：H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute; H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute
摘要：Despite the growing recognition of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) as valuable prognostic markers in certain cancer types, detailed studies on their development and therapeutic function remain limited. This is partially due to the lack of appropriate preclinical animal models. In this study and based on our earlier work [D. Coppola et al., Am. J. Pathol. 179, 37-45 (2011); J. L. Messina et al., Sci. Rep. 2, 765 (2012)], we hypothesized that encapsulating lymphoid chemokines and cytokines i...
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作者：Kang, Janice; Teplensky, Michelle H.; Dittmar, Jasper W.; Evangelopoulos, Michael; Hwang, Jeongmin; Mirkin, Chad A.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：To mount a robust and durable immune response, the antigen in a vaccine must be processed efficiently in the appropriate intracellular compartment. Here, we report an approach for optimizing the antigen processing pathway and efficiency by using the modular design of spherical nucleic acid (SNA) nanostructures. We utilized the substrate specificity of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase1 (ERAP1), a protease known to generate major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) epitopes in the end...
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作者：Mai, Melissa H.; Rockwell, Fulton E.; Losada, Juan M.; Nicholson, Nya; Suo, Zhigang; Holbrook, N. Michele
作者单位：Harvard University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universidad de Malaga; CSIC-UMA - Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea La Mayora (IHSM); Harvard University
摘要：Plants responding to excessive soil salinity by discharging brine onto their leaf surface risk dehydration through the osmotic continuity between the living tissue and the surface brine, which further enriches with evaporation. Cuticle cracks have long been identified as essential for salt to reach the leaf surface but enable a potentially desiccating continuity between the brine and the gland interior. Using the secreting salt gland of Nolana mollis as a model system, we integrate mathematica...
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作者：Ni, Qin; Ge, Zhuoxu; Sen, Anindya; Wu, Yufei; Fu, Jinyu; Amitrano, Alice; Srivastava, Nitish; Konstantopoulos, Konstantinos; Sun, Sean X.
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
摘要：Mammalian cells sense and respond to environmental changes using a complex and intelligent system that integrates chemical and mechanical signals. The transduction of mechanical cues into chemical changes modulates cell physiology, allowing a cell to adapt to its microenvironment. Understanding how the chemical and mechanical regulatory modules interact is crucial for elucidating mechanisms of mechanosensation and cellular homeostasis. In this study, we find that cells exhibit nonmonotonic cha...
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作者：Cherian, Chery; Maunsell, John H. R.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：Normalization is a fundamental and ubiquitous neuronal computation that stabilizes activity across populations of neurons and preserves stimulus selectivity. While it is observed throughout the visual system, normalization may be particularly important in higher visual areas, where neurons have large receptive fields (RFs) that are frequently presented with multiple stimuli under natural viewing conditions. Yet it remains unclear how a population of neurons, with diverse selectivities and offs...
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作者：Hu, Linfeng; Zhang, Aoxuan; Warshel, Arieh
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：Drug resistance poses a major global health challenge, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic strategies. The main challenge is to predict drug-resistant mutations and design drugs that retain efficacy against such evolving targets. Our previous effort in computing the vitality value has provided a framework in assessing drug resistance. While promising, the approach lacked accuracy due to insufficient information about mutation tendencies and protein stability. In this study, ...
