45期

最新文章

• An ADAR2-mimic base editor for efficient C-to-U RNA editing in vivo AI翻译
  作者：Hao, Chenhui; Zhang, Niubing; Mo, Ouyang; Chen, Ping; Liu, Qian; Cheng, Xiang; Li, Xuan; Hao, Pei
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS
  摘要：RNA base editing has the capability to rewrite genetic codes while offering improved safety due to its reversibility and temporal-spatial tunability. The development of cytosine-to-uridine editors faces issues of DNA mutagenic activity of APOBECs and the large-size anchoring domains associated with immunogenicity due to their microbial origin. To address these issues, we took an approach by returning to the original formula of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR), i.e., to convert ADAR2 to...
• Mapping the placental galectin-3 interactome identifies CD9 and ITGB1 as functional glycoprotein counterreceptors during syncytialization AI翻译
  作者：Reeves, Abigail E.; Yang, Gil-Suk; Baboo, Sabyasachi; Diedrich, Jolene K.; Bedekar, Pranali; Farhadi, Shaheen A.; Wanchoo, Arun; Bratcher, Christopher; Hudalla, Gregory A.; Yates, John R.; Huang, Mia L.
  作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
  摘要：The fetomaternal interface is replete with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) that can interact with cell surface glycoprotein counterreceptors to regulate placental function. Here, we interrogate the role of galectin-3, a GBP that controls placental trophoblast syncytialization, an important differentiation process where progenitor cytotrophoblast cells fuse to produce the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast. The molecular mechanism of galectin-3-mediated fusion has not yet been elucidated in part...
• ENKD1 attenuates antibacterial immunity by facilitating TRIM21-mediated RUBCN degradation to suppress LC3-associated phagocytosis AI翻译
  作者：Song, Caimeng; Sun, Lulu; Wang, Jie; Liu, Shujun; Xu, Wenqing; Zhang, Cai; Zhou, Jun; Li, Tianliang; Li, Yan
  作者单位：Shandong Normal University; Shandong University; Nankai University
  摘要：Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-associated phagocytosis (LAP) plays a critical role in host defense against invading pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria. monocytogenes), Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), and Francisella novicida (F. novicida). However, the precise regulatory mechanisms controlling LAP remain poorly understood. Here, we identify enkurin domain-containing protein 1 (ENKD1) as a key negative regulator of LAP during infection with ...
• Reprogramming tumor microenvironment via systemic delivery of TLR3 agonist and manganese nanoparticle AI翻译
  作者：Cho, Young Seok; Zhou, Xingwu; Sun, Xiaoqi; Wan, Ziye; Crowther, Julia; Takahashi, Mariko; Kodamasimham, Swetha; Wu, Qi; Phoo, May Thazin; Na, Youngseo; Han, Kai; Li, Zaiye; Schwendeman, Anna; Schwendeman, Steven P.; Lei, Yu Leo; Moon, James J.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; China Pharmaceutical University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, as potent immunostimulatory adjuvants, play a critical role in linking the innate and adaptive immune responses. However, their antitumor effects as cancer immunotherapeutic agents have been limited. Here, we report our finding that manganese ion (Mn2+) potentiates various TLR agonists, leading to robust activation of the TLR pathway and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway among innate immune cells. In particular, we have observed robust antitu...
• Strategic analysis of dissent and self-censorship AI翻译
  作者：Daymude, Joshua J.; Axelrod, Robert; Forrest, Stephanie
  作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; The Santa Fe Institute
  摘要：Expressions of dissent against authority are an important feature of most societies, and efforts to suppress such expressions are common. Modern digital communications, social media, and Internet surveillance and censorship technologies are changing the landscape of public speech and dissent. Especially in authoritarian settings, individuals must assess the risk of voicing their true opinions or choose self-censorship, voluntarily moderating their behavior to comply with authority. We present ...
• Creating a large designer cellulosome in yeast to boost ethanol production AI翻译
  作者：Khatoon, Zeba; Anandharaj, Marimuthu; Chen, Tzu-Ho; Wu, Chi-Chia; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Hsu, Tsui - Ling; Lin, Hsiao-Ching; Chang, Jui-Jen; Li, Wen-Hsiung
  作者单位：Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Chung Hsing University; National Chung Hsing University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Chung Hsing University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; China Medical University Taiwan; China Medical University Hospital - Taiwan; China Medical University Taiwan; National Chung Hsing University; University of Chicago
  摘要：Cellulosic biomass represents a promising feedstock for biofuel and biochemical production. However, its recalcitrant structure strongly hinders enzymatic degradation. Cellulosomes are large multienzyme complexes, highly efficient at degrading cellulose. A cellulase in a cellulosome has a dockerin domain that binds to a cohesin module on the CipA (cellulosome integrating protein A). In a native cellulosome all cohesins are identical, so that the cellulase types and their positions in a CipA ca...
• Scaffold vaccination for prevention of orthopedic device infection AI翻译
  作者：Tatara, Alexander M.; Lightbown, Shanda; Kang, Shawn; Jung, Wei-Hung; Ijaz, Hamza; Lee, Jean C.; Nelson, Sandra B.; Super, Michael; Mooney, David J.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital
  摘要：Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of global bacterial mortality. While S. aureus can cause a variety of diseases, orthopedic device infections are particularly challenging due to the need for additional surgeries with associated morbidity.Conventional vaccine technology has failed to prevent S. aureus orthopedic device infection in animal models and clinical trials. In this study, injectable scaffold vaccines are presented as a modality to augment host immunity and mitigate orthopedic...
• Underestimated input of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon to the ocean AI翻译
  作者：Yi, Yuanbi; Tanentzap, Andrew J.; He, Chen; Merder, Julian; Osterholz, Helena; Bao, Hongyan; Hawkes, Jeffrey A.; Cai, Ruanhong; Li, Si- Liang; Shi, Quan; Xu, Sheng; Zhang, Chuanlun; Liu, Cong- Qiang; Zhao, Meixun; He, Ding
  作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Trent University; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; China University of Petroleum; Carnegie Institution for Science; Leibniz Institut fur Ostseeforschung Warnemunde; Xiamen University; Uppsala University; Tianjin University; Southern University of Science & Technology; Ocean University of China; Laoshan Laboratory
  摘要：The contribution of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) to the ocean has been an enigma for decades. Tracking terrestrial DOM in the ocean has proven challenging due to factors such as the instability of terrestrial biomarkers, indistinguishable carbon isotopes from biogeochemical fractionation, and similar chemical composition between terrestrial and oceanic DOM. Here, we show that the terrestrial contribution to oceanic organic carbon pools is 1.7 to 2.5 times higher than previously a...
• Dynamic changes of dopamine neuron activity and plasticity at different stages of negative reinforcement learning AI翻译
  作者：Cheng, Qiangqiang; Liu, Wenqing; Yao, Li; Xu, Shuyuan; Wei, Chunling; Zheng, Qiaohua; Wu, Meilin; Han, Jing; Liu, Zhiqiang; Ren, Wei; Sun, Zongpeng
  作者单位：Shaanxi Normal University; Shaanxi Normal University; Shaanxi Normal University
  摘要：Research indicates that midbrain dopaminergic neurons encode reward prediction error (RPE) signals involved in positive reinforcement learning. However, studies on dopamine's role in negative reinforcement learning (NRL) are scarce. Learning to escape aversive stimuli is vital for survival and may differ significantly from positive reinforcement in behavior and neural mechanisms. This study employs footshocks as aversive stimuli to investigate neural activity, synaptic transmission, and intrin...
• Methanogenic archaea encoding Pyrrolysine maintain ambiguous amber codon usage AI翻译
  作者：Shalvarjian, Katie E.; Chadwick, Grayson L.; Perez, Paloma I.; Woods, Philip H.; Orphan, Victoria J.; Nayak, Dipti D.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology
  摘要：Natural genetic code expansion is a phenomenon wherein an additional amino acid is encoded by a stop codon. These nonstandard amino acids are beneficial as they facilitate novel biochemical reactions. However, code expansion leads to ambiguity at the recoded stop codon, which can either be read-through or terminated. Pyrrolysine (Pyl) is encoded by the amber codon (TAG/UAG) and is widespread in archaea, where it is required for methylamine-mediated methanogenesis, an environmen-tally important...