7期

最新文章

• Global nutritional equity of fishmeal and aquaculture trade flows AI翻译
  作者：Elsler, Laura G.; Gephart, Jessica A.; Zamborain-Mason, Jessica; Cashion, Tim; Troell, Max; Naylor, Rosamond L.; Bejarano, Rahul Agrawal; Golden, Christopher D.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Lancaster University; University of British Columbia; Stockholm University; University of British Columbia; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Stockholm University; Stanford University
  摘要：Aquaculture, the single fastest growing food sector, is central to achieving key Sustainable Development Goals (e.g., SDG 2: Zero Hunger). Linking the nutrient composition of >2,800 aquatic species with >2 million fishmeal and farmed fish transactions in international aquatic food trade between 2015 and 2019, we examined aquaculture's nutritional flows and distributional equity. We found that aquaculture provided adequate intakes for nearly a quarter of a million individuals, on average, acros...
• Magnetic field-enhanced alkaline water electrolysis from laboratory to industry AI翻译
  作者：Li, Hao; Fang, Jiakun; Huang, Danji; Zhong, Zhiyao; Wen, Qunlei; Liu, Youwen; Hu, Kewei; Yang, Zhenhong; Lu, Ang; Ai, Xiaomeng; Zhai, Tianyou; Wen, Jinyu; Pan, Yuan
  作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：The fundamental limitation of water oxidation in alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) lies in the progressive depletion of dynamic active sites and rapid dissipation of local active ion concentration, a critical thermodynamic constraint that conventional electrochemical strategies struggle to overcome. Here, we propose a magnetic field-enhanced AWE (ME-AWE) strategy that enables in-situ directional enrichment of local active iron ions near the anode, thus breaking the concentration limit and boos...
• Learning nature's assembly language with polymers AI翻译
  作者：Xie, Oliver; Cohen, Alexander E.; Bazant, Martin Z.; Olsen, Bradley D.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：The self-assembly of matter into ordered structures is ubiquitous throughout nature and engineered systems. Programming a material's macroscopic properties via molecular-level structural control is a grand scientific challenge, requiring methods for inverse design that can design a targeted molecule to achieve a given self-assembled structure. One model system that serves as a common proving ground for inverse design algorithms block copolymers. In these systems, self-consistent field-theory (...
• Religious markers reduce perceived trustworthiness in a Muslim-majority country AI翻译
  作者：Hellyer, Joshua; Gereke, Johanna; Aksoy, Ozan; Hellriegel, Emily; Schunck, Reinhard
  作者单位：University of Mannheim; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Wuppertal
  摘要：First impressions often hinge on visible cues, leading people to infer the trustworthiness of strangers from their appearance and dress. While religiosity is generally associated with greater perceived trustworthiness, little is known about how visible religious markers, such as clothing and grooming styles, shape trust judgments in Muslim-majority societies, where such signals are widespread and easily recognizable. We examine this question using a large-scale vignette experiment embedded in ...
• Structural and mechanistic diversity of glycogen phosphorylases from gut bacteria AI翻译
  作者：Shobu, Keigo; Takai, Mayu; Tanino, Hiroki; Fukuda, Yohta; Inoue, Tsuyoshi
  作者单位：University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka
  摘要：Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) plays a central role in glycogen metabolism. While the structure and regulation of mammalian GPs have been extensively studied, the corresponding mechanisms in gut bacterial GPs remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate GPs from Escherichia coli (EcGP), Segatella copri (ScGP), and Dorea longicatena (DlGP), which represent three phylogenetic clades of GPs, using enzymatic assays, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and X-ray crystallography. We find that ScGP fo...
• Genetic recording of pancreatic beta cell proliferation AI翻译
  作者：Zhao, Huan; Chen, Hui; Kang, Zhixin; Huang, Xiuzhen; Zhu, Jingting; Liu, Zixin; Liu, Xiuxiu; Han, Ximeng; Lu, Jie; Zhou, Bin
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, CAS; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; ShanghaiTech University
  摘要：Pancreatic beta cell generation and proliferation primarily rely on the self renewal of preexisting beta cells, making precise quantification of beta cell proliferation essential for understanding pancreatic homeostasis and pathogenesis. However, previous methods had limitations and were unable to trace beta cell proliferation in vivo over extended periods. Here, we developed beta cell ProTracer, a genetic system that uses dual recombinase technology to enable continuous and cell type-specific...
• Leaderless RiPPs expand the repertoire of fungal secondary metabolites AI翻译
  作者：Park, Sung Chul; Oster, Livia D. S.; Golan, Jacob; Myers, Jillian; Pringle, Anne; Drott, Milton T.; Keller, Nancy P.
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); USDA Agricultural Research Service; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
  摘要：Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, plants, animals, and fungi. Canonical fungal RiPP precursors possess a leader sequence cleaved during maturation. The first RiPPs described in fungi were the MSDIN-derived peptides responsible for the toxicity of lethal Amanita mushrooms. In this study, we upend the conventional understanding of fungal RiPPs, discovering a subclass that has diversified and lacks a leader s...
• Coviretinopathy: COVID-19-induced VEGF-dependent retinopathy AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Xiaolu; Jing, Xu; Guo, Ziheng; Long, Siwen; Sun, Xiaoting; Appelberg, Sofia; Mcinerney, Gerald M.; Adner, Mikael; Cao, Yihai
  作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Medical University; Sichuan University; Karolinska Institutet; Wenzhou Medical University; Oujiang Laboratory; Public Health Agency of Sweden; Karolinska Institutet
  摘要：COVID-19 has been associated with high prevalences of retinal diseases in humans. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the COVID-19-associated retinopathy remains unknown. Here, we deployed a mouse COVID-19 model to investigate the causative link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and retinopathy development. Our data showed that COVID-19-induced pulmonary hypoxia triggered systemic hypoxia and markedly augmented VEGF expression levels in the retina and plasma. High VEGF levels a...
• A ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptide with ADP-ribosylation AI翻译
  作者：Guo, Sijia; Ma, Suze; Song, Lulu; Wang, Jun; Liu, Tonghai; Yan, Wupeng; Zhang, Wei; Deng, Zixin; Ding, Wei; Zhang, Qi
  作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Jiangxi Normal University; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment & Resources, CAS
  摘要：Ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a fertile ground for uncovering new enzymatic chemistry and structural complexity. Here, we describe minviopeptin, an unusual ADP-ribosylated triceptide accessed through heterologous expression of a cryptic biosynthetic gene cluster. Structural and functional analyses reveal a combination of crosslinking, ADP-ribosylation, and oxidative peptide cleavage, underscoring the capacity of RiPP pathways to generate densely ...
• Synaptogyrin-3 plays a critical role in addiction-related dopamine dysfunction and behavioral maladaptations AI翻译
  作者：Peck, Emily G.; Emerson, Soren D.; Curry, Alyson M.; Holter, Kimberly M.; Estave, Paige M.; Sens, Jonathon P.; Colarusso, Olivia A.; Farris, Sean P.; Kiraly, Drew D.; Gould, Robert W.; McCool, Brian A.; Calipari, Erin S.; Holleran, Katherine M.; Jones, Sara R.; Lerner, Talia
  作者单位：Wake Forest University; Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Wake Forest University; Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University
  摘要：Cocaine use disorder is marked by deficits in dopamine signaling; however, the molecular mechanisms driving these deficits remain unclear. The synaptic vesicle protein Synaptogyrin-3 (Syngr3) has recently garnered attention for its association with disorders involving dopamine dysfunction and impaired cognition. Here, we found low Syngr3 expression in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of men who died of cocaine overdose and in male rats that had chronically self-administered cocaine. Syngr3 was...