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作者：Lv, Xin - Yue; Yang, Qian - Qian; Wang, Yue; Wang, Si - Ran; Qiao, Jiu - Ye; Liu, Shuang; Yu, Hua - Li; He, Xiao - Xiao; Zhu, Xiao - Juan; Xuan, Zi --
作者单位：Northeast Normal University - China
摘要：Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common type of eating disorder; however, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying BED remain elusive. Here, we report that tachykinin-expressing neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHTac1 neurons) are inhibited during binge-like eating behaviors in mice. We identified LHTac1 neurons as key mediators of binge-like eating behaviors and reported that the LHTac1 -> lateral periaqueductal gray (LPAG) circuit is critical to the regulation of binge-like e...
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作者：Weerasekera, Ranjuna; Moreau, Alexis; Huang, Xin; Potapova, Anna; Schwechheimer, Carmen; Kandel, Rajan; Huynh, Yun; Cannizzo, Owen; Gordon, Ryan; Gerace, Emma; Hinbest, Alexander J.; Yang, Yiyan; Jiang, Xiaofang; Woods, Robert J.; Yan, Jing; Yildiz, Fitnat H.; Olson, Rich
作者单位：Wesleyan University; Yale University; Yale University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM); Yale University; United Arab Emirates University
摘要：Exopolysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers secreted by bacteria to perform various roles including adhesion to surfaces, protection from environmental stressors, and as key components in the production of biofilms. The human pathogen Vibrio cholerae produces an exopolysaccharide called VPS, which is essential for the formation of its biofilm matrix through crosslinking interactions with a series of secreted accessory proteins. VPS consists of a repeating tetrasaccharide unit consisting of a ...
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作者：Zhang, Wanwan; Sun, Bingbing; Huang, Hao; Chen, Junyu; Liang, Ying'an; Li, Wenxi; Peng, Qinyu; Zhang, Ping; Zhan, Zhipeng; Yang, Xiaogang; Yao, Lan; Chen, Huiquan; Bacharach, Eran; Li, Haifeng; Guo, Changjun; Yi, Meisheng; Jia, Kuntong
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources & Coastal Engineering; Sun Yat Sen University; Tel Aviv University; Sun Yat Sen University
摘要：Rhabdoviruses exhibit a broad host range, yet the cellular receptors underlying their cross-species tropism remain poorly defined. Here, we identified tetraspanin CD9 as a conserved functional entry receptor for diverse rhabdoviruses across genera, including demonstrated that the domain IV of VHSV glycoprotein G directly interacted with the CD9 protein, or CD9 antibody significantly reduced VHSV infection in vitro and CD9 knockout zebrafish, while HEK293T cells, which are nonsusceptible but pe...
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作者：Rubiano-Buitrago, Paola; Hastings, Amy P.; Uematsu, Masaaki; Baskin, Jeremy M.; Agrawal, Anurag A.; Duplais, Christophe
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：Chemical defenses are fundamental in organismal biology and widely used in medicine and agriculture. Plant defense chemistry evolves in response to various selective pressures, particularly herbivory, and theory has emphasized predicting toxin abundance and diversity. Here we test hypotheses about the evolution of structural innovation in chemical defense by combining molecular complexity metrics, metabolomics, molecular docking, and phylogenetic analyses, using milkweed cardenolides, steroida...
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作者：Al-Izzi, Sami C.; Du, Yao; Veenstra, Jonas; Morris, Richard G.; Souslov, Anton; Carlson, Andreas; Coulais, Corentin; Binysh, Jack
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Oslo; University of Amsterdam; University of Cambridge; Umea University
摘要：Active filaments are a workhorse for propulsion and actuation across biology, soft robotics, and mechanical metamaterials. However, artificial active rods suffer from limited robustness and adaptivity because they rely on external control, or are tethered to a substrate. Here, we bypass these constraints by demonstrating that nonreciprocal interactions lead to large-scale unidirectional dynamics in free-standing slender structures. By coupling the bending modes of a buckled beam antisymmetrica...
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作者：Kovalova, Terezia; Janczak, Mateusz; Gamiz - Hernandez, Ana P.; Lundin, Daniel; Sharma, Soni; Vilhjalmsdottir, Johanna; Sjostrand, Dan; Kaila, Ville R. I.; Hogbom, Martin; Adelroth, Pia
作者单位：Stockholm University
摘要：Cytochrome bd is a terminal oxidase expressed under low oxygen conditions and central for the survival of many pathogens. Here, we characterize the cyt bd-II from Mycobacterium smegmatis, a member of a hitherto uncharacterized evolutionary group (qOR-2) of bd oxidases, by combining biochemical studies with cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and multiscale simulations. Overexpressing the appCB operon in its native host led to production of a highly active bd-II (kobs = 30 e-s-1) that together ...
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作者：Li, Anqi; Tong, Dong; Ohlstein, Benjamin; Guo, Zheng
作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
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作者：Czerwinski, Tina; Bischof, Lars; Bohringer, David; Kara, Sibel; Strissel, Pamela L.; Strick, Reiner; Huhn, Natalie; Winterl, Alexander; Gerum, Richard; Wittmann, Ernst; Schneider, Michael; Beckmann, Matthias W.; Nusser, Gina; Wiesinger, Manuel; Budday, Silvia; Lux, Anja; Voskens, Caroline; Fabry, Ben; Mark, Christoph
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
摘要：To reach targets outside the bloodstream, immune cells can extravasate and migrate through connective tissue. During tissue infiltration, immune cells migrate in an amoeboid fashion, characterized by weak matrix adhesions and low traction forces, that allows them to achieve high migration speeds of up to 10 & micro;m/min. How immune cells reconcile amoeboid migration with the need to overcome steric hindrance in dense matrices is currently not understood. Here we show that NK92 (natural killer...
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作者：Milocco, Lisandro; Uller, Tobias
作者单位：Stockholm University; SciLifeLab; Lund University
摘要：Phenotypic variation is the raw material for evolutionary diversification and adaptation. However, a critical gap remains in evolutionary theory between developmental and statistical representations of phenotypic variation, limiting our ability to understand and predict evolutionary change. In this paper, we close this gap by establishing a formal bridge between developmental and statistical accounts of phenotypic variation. Representing development as a dynamical system, we derive explicit re...
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作者：Powell, Chelsea E.; McSween, Alana M.; Dohnalova, Lenka; Kim, Cecilia H.; Eisert, Robyn J.; Sun, Zhen-Yu J.; Seo, Hyuk-Soo; Marquardt, Vincent; Dhe-Paganon, Sirano; Thaiss, Christoph A.; Devlin, A. Sloan; Hooper, Lora
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
摘要：Host circadian signaling, feeding, and the gut microbiome are tightly interconnected. Changes in the gut microbial community can affect the expression of core clock genes, but the specific metabolites and molecular mechanisms that mediate this relationship remain largely unknown. Here, we sought to identify gut microbial metabolites that impact circadian signaling. Through a phenotypic screen of a focused library of gut microbial metabolites, we identified a bile acid metabolite, lithocholic a...
