22期

最新文章

• Ancient DNA from shells reveals delayed genomic erosion and rapid immune adaptation in the critically endangered black abalone AI翻译
  作者：Wooldridge, T. Brock; Kapp, Joshua D.; Ford, Sarah M.; Seligmann, William E.; Conwell, Holland C.; Tzadikario, Talia; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Anderson, Zachary G.; Le Moan, Alan; Abadia-Cardoso, Alicia; Raimondi, Peter; Shapiro, Beth
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Northeastern University; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universidad Autonoma de Baja California
  摘要：Predicting the genetic consequences of population decline is a major problem in conservation genomics. Time lags following demographic bottlenecks can delay genomic erosion and make it difficult to determine a population's current and future risk, especially when prebottleneck genomic baselines are unavailable. Black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii) suffered a severe disease bottleneck in the 1980s, resulting in an estimated 99% population decline. However, recent work found surprisingly high ge...
• Strain-induced deterministic moiré superlattices in 2D materials AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Yu-Mi; Lee, Sihun; Xi, Yufeng; Funni, Stephen D.; Siddique, Saif; Williams, Natalie L.; Sartorello, Giovanni; Askari, Hesam; Cha, Judy J.
  作者单位：Cornell University; University of Rochester; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University
  摘要：Moir & eacute; superlattices in two-dimensional (2D) materials have been realized through lattice mismatch or rotational misalignment between atomic layers. Here, we extend moir & eacute; formation to heterostrain in transition metal dichalcogenides using a scalable process that deterministically induces strain to 2D materials. By applying patterned thin-film stressors and probing the resulting atomic structure with scanning transmission electron microscopy, we directly resolve the induced het...
• Projection-defined hypothalamic outputs differentially regulate thermogenesis and lipolysis AI翻译
  作者：Min, Hyeonyoung; Zheng, Qi; Yang, Yunlei
  作者单位：Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Montefiore Medical Center; Yeshiva University; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine
  摘要：The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is a key regulator of energy homeostasis, linking central neural activity to peripheral metabolic function. Within the VMH, neurons expressing steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1; VMHSF1) are essential for regulating energy expenditure, yet the projection-defined pathways through which they differentially control distinct adipose depots remains unclear. Here, we use projection-specific optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations in SF1-Cre mice to identify two anato...
• Harnessing polyploidy for climate-resilient crops: Lessons from the evolutionary model, allotetraploid cotton AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Maojun; Wang, Ruipeng; Hu, Guanjing; Zhang, Xianlong; Wendel, Jonathan F.
  作者单位：Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Iowa State University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Cotton Research, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Agriculture Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, CAAS
  摘要：Escalating pressures of global climate change necessitate developing agricultural systems and crop varieties with enhanced resilience. Polyploidy, the state of possessing multiple complete sets of chromosomes arising from whole genome duplication (WGD), is a major evolutionary force in plants, often conferring novel genetic and regulatory capacities that facilitate adaptation. Allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium spp.), which formed through the merger of distinct A and D subgenomes approximately 1...
• Residual photoreceptors affect the response of a degenerate retina to electrical stimulation AI翻译
  作者：Ly, Keith; Bhuckory, Mohajeet B.; Pham-Howard, Davis; Kochnev Goldstein, Anna; Jensen, Nathan; Palanker, Daniel
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University
  摘要：Photovoltaic subretinal prosthesis can restore central vision in patients blinded by age-related macular degeneration with letter acuity matching its 100 & micro;m pixel size. Improving resolution requires smaller pixels, but to still reach the target neurons, electric field should be less confined. However, wide-spreading field may engage adjacent photoreceptors and alter the visual perception. We studied the effects of residual photoreceptors on retinal responses to electrical stimulation us...
• Dynamic confinement controls the porous-to-free convection transition AI翻译
  作者：Schwendener, Dario M.; Noir, Jerome; Latt, Jonas; Coreixas, Christophe; Kong, Xiang-Zhao
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Geneva
  摘要：Convection in porous materials governs heat transport across scales ranging from planetary subsurface systems to engineered cooling devices. While the onset of buoyancy-driven flow is well described by linear stability theory within a porous-continuum representation, the subsequent transition from viscous, matrix-dominated convection toward inertia-influenced and ultimately bulk fluid-like plume convection has lacked a unified description. Here we develop a confinement-based scaling framework ...
• Emerging design principles for environmental, economic, and equity successes in land conservation AI翻译
  作者：Sims, Katharine R. E.; Alix-Garcia, Jennifer M.
  作者单位：Amherst College; Oregon State University
  摘要：Land conservation initiatives worldwide are poised to continue rapid growth. Ranging in scale, scope, and mechanisms, these efforts include area-based conservation, incentive-based protection, and community collective management. Evidence from across fields now indicates that it is possible for land conservation to jointly improve environmental conditions, generate positive net local economic benefits, and support social equity. Yet the key policy elements that can lead to this type of multidi...
• Isotopic evidence for dietary variability among eastern Africa's first pastoralists AI翻译
  作者：Chritz, Kendra L.; Sawchuk, Elizabeth A.; Prendergast, Mary E.; Blumenthal, Scott A.; Cerling, Thure E.; Dunne, Julie; Goldstein, Steven T.; Grillo, Katherine M.; Janzen, Anneke; Kiura, Purity; Lee-Thorp, Julia; Lahr, Marta Mirazon; Manthi, Fredrick K.; Ndiema, Emmanuel K.; Odede, Fredrick; Plummer, Thomas W.; Wainwright, Jensen; Hildebrand, Elisabeth A.
  作者单位：University of British Columbia; Cleveland Museum of Natural History; Rice University; University of Oregon; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of Bristol; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; University of Oxford; University of Cambridge; Maseno University; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Queens College NY (CUNY); State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
  摘要：During the terminal Pleistocene through Holocene, changes in dietary diversity signaled fundamental shifts in the way humans related to food resources in many parts of the globe. To understand local and regional dietary variation across the transition to food production in Kenya and Tanzania, we compare isotopic values of biological tissues (tooth enamel and bone collagen) from 111 ancient foragers and herders dated similar to 9,500-230 B.P., alongside isotopic data from contemporary eastern A...
• 3D insights into the multiorigins of nanophase Fe0 in the Moon surface AI翻译
  作者：Dai, Yiheng; Li, Zezhou; Jia, Tianyi; Xie, Zhiheng; Wang, Ruimin; Yin, Zongjun; Shen, Bing; Zhou, Jihan
  作者单位：Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Peking University; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS
  摘要：Nanophase metallic iron (npFe0) in lunar soils is a key indicator for understanding the space weathering mechanisms of airless bodies. However, the detailed three-dimensional (3D) spatial topology and distribution of layered npFe0 have rarely been documented in lunar soil samples. Here, we reveal the unique 3D spatial multilayered distributions and morphologies of npFe0 in the Chang'e-5 impact glass using a combination of electron tomography and spectroscopic techniques, demonstrating that npF...
• amyloid-predict and LLPS-predict: Predicting phase separation propensities in the intrinsically disordered proteome AI翻译
  作者：Lobo, Samuel; Griem, Leif; Shell, M. Scott; Shea, Joan-Emma
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
  摘要：Amyloid formation and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) are two important phenomena in cellular biology, linked to both normal physiological functions and various pathologies. Here, we present a computational framework that scores amyloid propensities (amyloid-predict) or LLPS propensities (LLPS-predict) from protein language model embeddings, enabling rapid proteome-wide annotation of peptides and residues. amyloid-predict achieves classification performance that exceeds existing AI and p...