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作者：Greenberg, Kyle; Wasserman, Melanie; Weber, E. Anna
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Do men negatively respond when women first enter an occupation? We answer this question by studying the end of one of the final explicit occupational barriers to women in the United States: in 2016, the U.S. military opened all positions to women, including historically male-only combat occupations. We exploit the staggered integration of women into combat units to estimate the causal effects of the introduction of female colleagues on men's job performance, behavior, and perceptions of workpl...
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作者：Minni, Virginia
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Why do managers matter for firm performance? This article provides evidence of the critical role of managers in matching workers to jobs within the firm using the universe of personnel records from a large multinational firm. The data cover 200,000 white-collar workers and 30,000 managers over 11 years in 100 countries. I identify good managers by their speed of promotion and leverage exogenous variation induced by the rotation of managers across teams. I find that good managers cause workers ...
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作者：Coube, Maira; Fontes, Luiz Felipe; Rocha, Rudi
作者单位：Insper
摘要：Theory predicts that outsourcing public services to the private sector can reduce costs and improve efficiency but can also induce cost-cutting and compromise quality. We assess the Brazilian Organiza & ccedil;& otilde;es Sociais de Saude model (OSS), which outsources management of public hospital services to the private sector while the state remains the residual claimant. We show that this enhances hospital production and operational efficiency without adverse effects on hospital quality and...
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作者：Sugaya, Takuo; Wolitzky, Alexander
作者单位：Stanford University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Motivated by recent concerns surrounding the use of third-party pricing algorithms by competing firms, we study repeated Bertrand competition where market demand or the cost of serving the market is observed by an intermediary (or algorithm) that selectively discloses demand or cost information to maximize firms' collusive profit. We show that an upper censorship disclosure policy is optimal, which leads to price rigidity and supra-monopoly prices in some states. Improving the algorithm's accu...
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作者：Hampole, Menaka; Truffa, Francesca; Wong, Ashley
作者单位：Yale University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Columbia University
摘要：Women continue to be underrepresented in corporate leadership positions. This article studies the role of social connections in women's career advancement. We investigate whether access to a larger share of female peers in business school affects the gender gap in senior managerial positions. Merging administrative data from a top 10 U.S. business school with public LinkedIn profiles, we first document that female MBAs are 24% less likely than male MBAs to enter senior management within 15 yea...
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作者：Bordalo, Pedro; Gennaioli, Nicola; Lanzani, Giacomo; Shleifer, Andrei
作者单位：University of Oxford; Bocconi University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University
摘要：We present a theory of choice in which attention to the features of options is determined by the decision maker's categorization of the current problem in a set of problems she solved in the past. Categorization depends on goal-relevant and contextual problem-level features. The model yields heterogeneity in attention and choice in a given problem based on different past experiences and instability when changes in irrelevant context cause recategorization. We show that heterogeneous and unstab...
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作者：Espin-Sanchez, Jose-Antonio; Gil-Guirado, Salvador; Ryan, Nicholas
作者单位：Yale University; University of Murcia
摘要：We study rainmaking as an instrumental religious belief. We present a model in which a religious leader tries to persuade people to believe. Praying for rain can persuade only where the hazard of rainfall during a dry spell is increasing over time, so that prayer is most likely to succeed when people most want rain. We present evidence from prayers for rain in Murcia, Spain, where the hazard rate is increasing, that the church's prayers for rain predict rainfall over two centuries. To generali...
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作者：Emanuel, Natalia; Harrington, Emma; Pallais, Amanda
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; University of Virginia; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：How does proximity to coworkers affect training and productivity? We study software engineers at a Fortune 500 firm from 2019 to 2024, leveraging two shocks to proximity: the office closures in 2020 and the subsequent return-to-office mandates in 2022 and 2023. In both cases, co-located teams experienced bigger changes in proximity than distributed ones, facilitating difference-in-differences designs. We find that sitting near teammates increases coding feedback by 18.3% and improves code qual...
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作者：Bostanci, Gorkem; Ordonez, Guillermo
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Stock markets play a dual role: they provide information about firms' fundamentals, which improves resource allocations, and they provide liquidity. We propose a setting in which these two roles interact: if stocks are used more intensively for liquidity, then prices reveal less information about fundamentals. We structurally estimate stock price informativeness for several countries and show that it declines when alternative liquidity sources, such as banks, are in distress. To study the real...
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作者：Barbosa-Alves, Mauricio; Bianchi, Javier; Sosa-Padilla, Cesar
作者单位：University of Kentucky; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis; University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article investigates how a government should manage international reserves when it faces the risk of a rollover crisis. We ask: Should the government accumulate reserves or reduce debt to make itself less vulnerable? We show that the optimal policy entails initially reducing debt, followed by a subsequent increase in both debt and reserves as the government approaches a safe zone. Furthermore, we find that issuing additional debt to accumulate reserves can lead to a reduction in sovereign...
