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作者：Head, Keith; Mayer, Thierry
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po)
摘要：Constant elasticity of substitution (CES) demand for monopolistically competitive firm varieties is a standard tool for models in international trade and macroeconomics. Intervariety substitution in this model follows a simple share proportionality rule. In contrast, the standard tool kit in industrial organization (IO) estimates a system in which cross-elasticities depend on similarity in observable attributes. The gain in realism from the IO approach comes at the expense of requiring richer ...
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作者：McCloskey, Adam; Michaillat, Pascal
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：P-hacking is prevalent in reality but absent from classical hypothesis-testing theory. We therefore build a model of hypothesis testing that accounts for p-hacking. From the model, we derive critical values such that, if they are used to determine significance, and if p-hacking adjusts to the new significance standards, then spurious significant results do not occur more often than intended. Because of p-hacking, such robust critical values are larger than classical critical values. In the mod...
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作者：Aryal, Gaurab; Campbell, Dennis J.; Ciliberto, Federico; Khmelnitskaya, Ekaterina A.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Virginia; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of British Columbia
摘要：In the U.S. airline industry, independent regional airlines fly passengers on behalf of several national airlines across different markets, giving rise to common subcontracting. On the one hand, we find that subcontracting is associated with lower prices, consistent with the notion that regional airlines tend to fly passengers at lower costs than major airlines. On the other hand, we find that common subcontracting is associated with higher prices. These two countervailing effects suggest that...
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作者：Anderson, Michael L.; Davis, Lucas W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Previous studies of the effect of ridesharing on traffic fatalities have yielded inconsistent conclusions. We revisit this question using proprietary data from Uber measuring monthly rideshare activity at the Census tract level. We find a consistent negative effect of ridesharing on traffic fatalities, with impacts concentrated during nights and weekends. Our results imply that ridesharing has decreased U.S. traffic fatalities by 5.2% in areas where it operates. The annual life-saving benefits...
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作者：Bonadio, Barthelemy
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi
摘要：Migrants shape market access: They reduce international trade frictions and they affect the geographical location of demand. This article incorporates both effects in a model of inter- and intranational trade and migration calibrated to U.S. states. It estimates the elasticity of exports and imports to migrants and shows that reducing U.S. migrant population shares to 1980s levels would increase import (export) trade costs by 7% (2.5%) and decrease U.S. natives' real wages by more than 2%. Sta...
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作者：Cassidy, Traviss; Velayudhan, Tejaswi
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We estimate the impact of local government fragmentation on economic activity in Indonesia from 2000 to 2014, when the number of districts increased by 50%. Exploiting idiosyncratic variation in the timing of district splits, we find that fragmentation reduces district GDP in the short term despite large increases in central transfers. The GDP decline is larger in child districts that acquire a new capital and government. Furthermore, splitting districts focus spending on administration withou...
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作者：Korenok, Oleg; Munro, David; Chen, Jiayi
作者单位：Virginia Commonwealth University; Middlebury College
摘要：One of the dangers of high inflation is that it can cause individuals to pay close attention to it. This internalization of inflation can lead to an accelerationist regime, making inflation harder to control. We empirically assess the relationship between attention and inflation for 38 countries. Our measures of attention are constructed from Internet search behavior or the popularity of inflation mentions on Twitter. We find evidence that attention thresholds exist for most of the countries, ...
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作者：Chandra, Amitabh; Kao, Jennifer; Miller, Kathleen L.; Stern, Ariel D.
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Harvard University
摘要：Regulators of new products confront a trade-off between speeding a product to market and collecting additional product quality information. The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) provides an opportunity to understand if regulators can use new policy to innovate around this trade-off. We find that the BTD program shortened clinical development times by 23% and did not affect the ex post safety profile of drugs with the designation. The BTD program had the greatest impact on less exper...
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作者：Calvi, Rossella; Keskar, Ajinkya
作者单位：Rice University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY
摘要：We develop a noncooperative bargaining model with incomplete information linking dowry payments, domestic violence, resource allocation between a husband and a wife, and separation. Our model generates several predictions, which we test empirically using amendments to the Indian antidowry law as a natural experiment. We document a decline in women's bargaining power and separations and a surge in domestic violence following the amendments. These unintended effects are attenuated when social st...
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作者：Kessler, Judd B.; Low, Corinne; Shan, Xiaoyue
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National University of Singapore
摘要：We document a new way that discrimination operates: through sequential spillover effects. Employers in an incentivized resume rating experiment evaluate a sequence of hypothetical candidates with randomly assigned characteristics. Candidates are rated worse when following white men than when following women or minorities. Exploring the mechanisms, we find that spillover effects are inversely related to direct bias. When reviewing high-quality resumes or recruiting in STEM (science, technology,...
