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作者：COWHERD, DM; LEVINE, DI
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The relationship between interclass pay equity and product quality is examined in a sample of 102 corporate business units. A small pay differential between lower-level employees and upper-echelon managers (after controlling for inputs) is theorized to lead to high product quality by increasing lower-level employees' commitment to top-management goals, effort, and cooperation. Interclass pay equity is determined by comparing the pay and inputs of hourly workers and of lower-level managers and ...
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作者：BARLEY, SR; KUNDA, G
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University
摘要：This paper challenges the prevalent notion that American managerial discourse has moved progressively from coercive to rational and, ultimately, to normative rhetorics of control. Historical data suggest that since the 1870s American managerial discourse has been elaborated in waves that have alternated between normative and rational rhetorics. We sketch out the surges and contractions in the rhetorics of industrial betterment, scientific management, welfare capitalism/human relations, systems...
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作者：HALPERN, JJ
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作者：NEE, V
摘要：This paper underscores the importance of hybrid forms in the current market transitions in state socialism through an examination of the emergence of marketized firms and cadre-entrepreneurs in China. The paper develops a new-institutionalist analysis of the organizational dynamics that propel market transition in reforming state socialism. Under conditions of partial reform, marketized firms enjoy a transaction cost advantage over alternative governance structures. Changes in the institutiona...
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作者：BECKER, BE; HUSELID, MA
摘要：Tournament models have developed into an important component of the theoretical literature on organizational reward systems. However, with one exception there have been no empirical tests of the incentive effects of tournament models in a field setting. Drawing on a panel data set from auto racing, we show that the tournament spread (prize differential) does have incentive effects on both individual performance and driver safety, that these effects peak at higher spreads, and that controlling ...
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作者：ANCONA, DG; CALDWELL, DF
作者单位：Santa Clara University
摘要：This article focuses on the activities teams use to manage their organizational environment beyond their teams. We used semistructured interviews with 38 new-product team managers in high-technology companies, log data from two of these teams, and questionnaires completed by members of a different set of 45 new-product teams to generate and test hypotheses about teams' external activities. Results indicate that teams engage in vertical communications aimed at molding the views of top managemen...
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作者：LARSON, A
摘要：Social control in network organizational forms is examined through an inductive field study of a sample of dyadic relationships established by high-growth entrepreneurial firms. The social dimensions of the transactions are central in explaining control and coordination in the exchange structures. A process model of network formation is presented that highlights the importance of reputation, trust, reciprocity, and mutual interdependence. The network form is proposed as an alternative to verti...
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作者：DAVIS, GF; STOUT, SK
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：This paper describes how takeovers are accomplished and why they are not readily accommodated by existing organizational theories. We examined the factors that made organizations vulnerable to takeovers during the 1980s, using event-history techniques on time-series data covering all takeover bids for Fortune 500 firms between January 1980 and December 1990. The paper shows that greater organizational slack, age, and having a finance chief executive officer increased the risk of takeover; fami...
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作者：TSUI, AS; EGAN, TD; OREILLY, CA
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We used self-categorization theory-which proposes that people may use social characteristics such as age, race, or organizational membership to define psychological groups and to promote a positive self-identity-to develop and test hypotheses about the effects of demographic diversity in organizations on an individual's psychological and behavioral attachment to the organization. Individual-level commitment, attendance behavior, and tenure intentions were examined as a function of the individu...
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作者：GERLACH, ML
摘要：Japanese intercorporate relationships are considered in terms of three different structures of interaction: corporate groupings, financial centrality, and industrial interdependency. The significance of each of these structures is tested with a sample of the forty largest industrial firms and twenty largest financial firms in Japan across networks of equity ownership, interlocking directorships, and banking borrowing. Macro-network blockmodeling analysis demonstrates that financial hierarchy i...
